Profiling of volatile compounds from five interior decoration timbers in Taiwan using TD/GC–MS/FID

Abstract

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from Chamaecyparis formosensis, Cryptomeria japonica, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana, and Taiwania cryptomerioides five major building and interior decoration timbers and their essential oil components were analyzed using GC-MS and TD/GC-MS/FID. Results showed that C. obtusa var. formosana had the highest yield of essential oil (3.42%), followed by C. formosensis (3.14%), while C. japonica had the lowest yield (0.95%). Moreover, oxygenated sesquiterpene was the highest relative content in all five essential oils and their main constituents were trans-myrtanol (18.04%), 1-epi-cubenol (15.99%), cedrol (62.26%), α-cadinol (26.42%), and α-cadinol (27.98%), respectively. In terms of emission quantity of top VOC, the results showed the decreasing order of C. formosensis (myrtenal, 74.21 mg/m 2) > T. cryptomerioides (thujopsene, 12.00 mg/m 2) > C. lanceolata (α-cedrene, 10.27 mg/ m 2) > C. obtusa var. formosana (α-pinene, 8.05 mg/m 2) > C. japonica (α-cedrene, 4.25 mg/m 2). C. formosensis had a greater amount of VOCs emitted and hence gave off more fragrance than C. obtusa var. formosana initially. However, after indoor exposure of 24 weeks, the VOC emission quantity of C. obtusa var. formosana exceeded that of C. formosensis. α-Cedrene and thujopsene were the top two major VOCs of both C. lanceolata and T. cryptomerioides. However, they both showed a trend of decrease in emission with prolonged exposure. All five plantation timbers showed good antifungal, antimicrobial, antibacterial, and antitermitic properties, making them ideal materials for interior decoration. Not only do they have strong bioactivities, they can also provide a fragrant and healthy living environment.

Variations in Essential Oil Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Cryptomeria japonica (Thunb. ex L.f.) D. Don from Different Geographical Origins—A Critical Review

“…Aromatic plants, such as C. japonica, synthesized and emitted complex mixtures of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in order to facilitate their growth and survival [13,65].…”

“…These VOCs were assessed as having soothing effects in a human sensory evaluation [68]. Moreover, the main constituent of C. japonica heartwood EO is δ-cadinene [10,13]. It is believed that this compound and other VOCs of C. japonica suppress the sympathetic nervous system activity in humans, especially in women, stimulating relaxing and pleasurable emotions [69].…”

Unveiling Monoterpene Biosynthesis in Taiwania cryptomerioides via Functional Characterization

“…Pinenes are major volatile terpenoids in T. cryptomerioides, and in addition to α-pinene and α-pinene/terpinolene synthase, we functionally characterized a β-pinene synthase (TcTPS16) in this study, which allowed us to explore pinene biosynthesis in T. cryptomerioides (Figure 6) [7,9,11]. In TcPinS and TcTeoS mutagenesis studies, the slight exchange of residue would result in the ratio of monocyclic and bicyclic products [21].…”

“…Previous studies have reported that terpenoids isolated from T. cryptomerioides have great bioactivity, such as antifungal, antimite, and antioxidation activities, and most of them are sesquiterpenoids and diterpenoids, which are extracted from wood [3][4][5][6]. However, the needles of T. cryptomerioides contained high amounts of acrylic and cyclic monoterpenoids, such as limonene, pinenes, terpinolenes, and some of their derivatives [7][8][9][10][11][12], but their biosynthesis remained ambiguous.…”

Chemical Compositions and In Vitro Antiphytopathogenic Fungi Activities of the Leaf and Cones Essential Oils ofCunninghamia lanceolataFrom Taiwan

“…10 Previous studies have reported the composition and antifungal activities of wood of C. lanceolata. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] However, only 1 report noted the composition of leaf essential oil, but this report did not evaluate the biological activity. 11 No prior study has investigated the chemical composition and biological activity of the cones essential oil.…”