Profiling of primary metabolite by means of capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry and its application for plant science

Abstract

Metabolites in primary metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the pentose phosphate pathway, the Calvin cycle and amino acid biosynthetic pathways, are ionic compounds. It is difficult to analyze these metabolites simultaneously by established methods for metabolite profiling of biological samples such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) is a promising method for the comprehensive and quantitative analysis of ionic metabolites. This technique enables the simultaneous determination of over 1000 charged compounds. This review discusses the principles and practical procedures for conducting CE-MS, describes specific applications of CE-MS for primary metabolite profiling, and enumerates some of the technical problems associated with CE-MS at present.

Metabolomic profiling of wild‐type and mutant soybean root nodules using laser‐ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry reveals altered metabolism

“…Most of the published studies of the nodule metabolome have used bulk methods, in which the nodules were extracted and the metabolites were measured. For example, studies have utilized technologies such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS), high-performance liquid chromatography-MS, and capillary electrophoresis-MS (Sato et al, 1998;Soga et al, 2003;Colebatch et al, 2004;Desbrosses et al, 2005;Barsch et al, 2006a,b;Larrainzar et al, 2007;Harada and Fukusaki, 2009;Brechenmacher et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2015). All of these approaches require extensive sample preparation that eliminates the possibility of also acquiring information on the spatial distribution of the various metabolites.…”

Laser‐ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry with ion mobility separation reveals metabolites in the symbiotic interactions of soybean roots and rhizobia

“…These methods can provide invaluable insights into the metabolic cascades of plant–bacterial interactions because of their ability to measure multiple biomolecules simultaneously (van der Drift et al ., ). Plant extracts and exudates have been investigated using gas chromatography‐MS (GC‐MS) (Barsch et al ., ), high performance liquid chromatography‐MS (LC‐MS) (Wang et al ., ), and capillary electrophoresis–MS (Harada and Fukusaki, ), which are highly sensitive methods and can provide quantitative information. However, these bulk analysis methods require extensive sample preparation, have low‐throughput, and do not retain information on the spatial distribution of metabolites within plant tissues or organs.…”

Metabolomics of a Model Fruit: Tomato

“…The motivation for choosing a specific platform is mainly determined by the analytical history of the research group and their access to specific analytical instruments and data-processing tools for metabolomics studies. It has been reported, in all kinds of tissues and organisms, that CE-MS enables the analysis of several hundreds to thousand metabolites and mainly those involved in primary metabolism (Soga et al, 2003;Ramautar et al, 2009) including plants (Sato et al, 2008;Harada and Fukusaki, 2009 (Tikunov et al, 2007).…”