Profiling of Nutraceuticals and Proximates in Peanut Genotypes Differing for Seed Coat Color and Seed Size

Abstract

A total of 60 genotypes of peanut comprising 46 genotypes selected from ICRISAT mini core collection and 14 elite cultivars with differing kernel color and size were used to profile the nutritional parameters such as proximates (moisture, fat, ash, crude protein, crude fiber, carbohydrate content) and nutraceuticals (total polyphenol content and total antioxidant activity). The genotypes showed varied kernel color ranging from white to purple. Kernel skin color was quantified using colorimetry, and the color parameters were expressed as CIELAB color parameters. In total, nine morphological traits, six yield related traits, eight nutritional traits and eleven color parameters were observed across 60 genotypes. The sixty genotypes were grouped into ten clusters based on the color strength. Among them, Cluster-III with dark red seeds had the maximum fat content and total polyphenol content (TPC). Cluster-VI with light pink colored seeds had high antioxidant activity (AOA) and Cluster-X with white colored seeds had highest moisture and crude protein content. Color strength (K/S) was found to be positively correlated with TPC. Another color parameter, redness/greenness (a *) was found to be positively correlated with AOA. However, seed size was positively correlated with the crude protein content, but not with any other nutritional traits under study. The population studies based on the genotypic data indicated two distinct groups pertaining to botanical types of peanut. The marker-trait association (MTA) using single marker analysis indicated 75 major MTAs for most of the nutritional traits except for moisture content. The markers associated with nutritional parameters and other important yield related traits can further be utilized for genomics-assisted breeding for nutrient-rich peanuts.

An explorative study on the relationships between the quality traits of peanut varieties and their peanut butters

“…which meant that smaller seed size varieties had a lower weight, and vice versa (Zhang et al, 2019). For example, the weight of SH8 (length 14.4 ± 1.3 mm and width 8.5 ± 0.5 mm) was 43.3 ± 1.2 g, while the weight of WH8 (length 19.6 ± 1.0 mm and width 11.3 ± 0.5 mm) was 101.7 ± 2.3 g. The range of fat and protein in the peanut kernels were 42.6-52.9 g/ 100 g and 19.3-26.4 g/100 g, respectively, which was similar to previously reported results (Gong et al, 2018;Nayak et al, 2020;Wang, 2016). The content of sucrose ranged from 3.3 to 7.9 g/100 g, which was consistent with the previous studies (Bishi et al, 2013;Wang, 2018).…”

Yield of promising lines of peanut and resistance to Aspergillus flavus, aflatoxin, and foliar disease

“…It can be informed that in the current study, there were four genotypes (GH 3, GH 6, GH 10, and GH 11) with small seed, and the other eight genotypes had medium seed size. The genotype had small, medium, and big seed size is when the weight of 100 seeds is <40 g, 40-50 g, and >50 g, respectively [11]. (This Paragraphs are too long)…”

Transcriptome Analysis and Gene Expression Profiling of the Peanut Small Seed Mutant Identified Genes Involved in Seed Size Control

“…The seeds were dried in an oven and powdered in a pestle and mortar. The dry seed powder was used to determine the crude protein and oil content by using micro-Kjeldahl method and Soxhlet extraction method, respectively, according to the method described in previous studies [ 56 , 57 ].…”