Profiling DNA methylation patterns of zebrafish liver associated with parental high dietary arachidonic acid

Abstract

Diet has been shown to influence epigenetic key players, such as DNA methylation, which can regulate the gene expression potential in both parents and offspring. Diets enriched in omega-6 and deficient in omega-3 PUFAs (low dietary omega-3/omega-6 PUFA ratio), have been associated with the promotion of pathogenesis of diseases in humans and other mammals. In this study, we investigated the impact of increased dietary intake of arachidonic acid (ARA), a physiologically important omega-6 PUFA, on 2 generations of zebrafish. Parental fish were fed either a low or a high ARA diet, while the progeny of both groups were fed the low ARA diet. We screened for DNA methylation on single base-pair resolution using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS). The DNA methylation profiling revealed significant differences between the dietary groups in both parents and offspring. The majority of differentially methylated loci associated with high dietary ARA were found in introns and intergenic regions for both generations. Common loci between the identified differentially methylated loci in F 0 and F 1 livers were reported. We described overlapping gene annotations of identified methylation changes with differential expression, but based on a small number of overlaps. The present study describes the diet-associated methylation profiles across genomic regions, and it demonstrates that parental high dietary ARA modulates DNA methylation patterns in zebrafish liver.

Major gene expression changes and epigenetic remodelling in Nile tilapia muscle after just one generation of domestication

“…It is plausible that this effect is partly due to nutritional programming. Previous studies in zebrafish (Danio rerio) have shown that parental nutritional programming through increased dietary intake of arachidonic acid or deficiency in 1-C nutrients results in DNA methylation changes and epigenetic regulation of gene expression in the liver of the offspring [41,42].…”

Arachidonic acid matters

“…Parental high dietary ARA also modulates the DNA methylation patterns in the liver of zebrafish offspring. 165…”

“…In particular, lipid and retinoid metabolism by PPARα/RXRα, peroxisomal β‐oxidation and oestrogen signalling were affected. Parental high dietary ARA also modulates the DNA methylation patterns in the liver of zebrafish offspring 165 …”

Long term environmental variability modulates the epigenetics of maternal traits of kelp crabs in the coast of Chile

“…The not-linear relationship of methylation with latitude in the eggs of T. dentatus can be explained by either the increased lipid metabolism or food supply at higher latitudes in our sampling area, both associated with decreasing temperatures and increasing productivity 36 . DNA methylation is a well-known process associated with lipid metabolism and synthesis pathway in humans 37 and, more recently, this association has been determined in fish 38 and invertebrates 39 . In a laboratory experiment, up to 333 differentially methylated regions between normal and caloric restricted fed individuals of the crustacean Daphnia magna were observed, suggesting that epigenetic processes could be involved in the expression of enzymes implicated in lipid synthesis pathways 40 .…”