Profiling brewers' spent grain for composition and microbial ecology at the site of production

Robertson, James A.; I'Anson, K; Treimo, Janneke; Faulds, Craig B.; Brocklehurst, T.F.; Eijsink, Vincent G. H.; Waldron, Keith W.

doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2010.01.019

Cited by 179 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The supernatants were then neutralised and extracted with ethyl acetate, dried and resuspended in MetOH:H 2 O (18) . More recent research also used this method, giving comparable results (21) . Using a LUNA C18 reverse phase-HPLC column, both studies found that ferulic acid was the phenolic acid in greatest abundance in BSG, with coumaric acid being second highest.…”

Section: Extraction Of Phenolic Acids From Brewers' Spent Grainmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Brewers' spent grain; bioactivity of phenolic component, its role in animal nutrition and potential for incorporation in functional foods: a review

et al. 2012

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Brewers' spent grain (BSG) is a low-value co-product of the brewing industry produced in large quantities annually. This paper reviews the existing evidence regarding the phenolic component of BSG, focusing on composition, extraction and biofunctions such as antioxidant, anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic activities. Furthermore, the incorporation of BSG in foodstuffs will be discussed, including the use of BSG as an animal feed supplement and the potential of BSG to be incorporated into foods for human consumption. BSG contains hydroxycinnamic acids including ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid and caffeic acid; which have shown bioactivity in the pure form (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic and anti-cancer). Phenolic extracts from BSG have also shown antioxidant potential, by protecting against oxidant-induced DNA damage, possibly by Fe chelation. Studies show that BSG has many benefits when used as a supplement in animal feed, such as increasing milk yield, milkfat content and in providing essential dietary amino acids. The incorporation of BSG in human foods such as cookies and ready-to-eat snacks has resulted in increased protein and fibre contents of the products, where the changes in organoleptic properties are controllable. It can be concluded that the phenolic component of BSG has potential bioactive effects, which are worth pursuing given that the inclusion of BSG into human foodstuffs is viable and beneficial.

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Section: Extraction Of Phenolic Acids From Brewers' Spent Grainmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In line with the previously discussed evidence, caffeic acid was a stronger scavenger of the DPPH radical, but ferulic acid was better (16) 0 . 7 --Robertson (21) 0 . 8 --Szwajgier (22) -0 .…”

Section: Potential Health Benefits Of Phenolic Component Of Brewers'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brewers' spent grain; bioactivity of phenolic component, its role in animal nutrition and potential for incorporation in functional foods: a review

et al. 2012

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“…The obtained results are consistent with the results of other studies reviewed by Mussato et al [24] However, it is important to note that BSG's chemical composition can considerably vary between different breweries, due to variation in technology or differences in malt used during brewing. [37] To investigate the qualitative adsorption characteristics of BSG's surface functional groups, FTIR spectra were recorded and the results are presented in Figure 2. The spectra revealed a number of adsorption peaks, indicating the complex nature of the BSG.…”

Section: Adsorbent Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignocellulosic Materials as Dye Adsorbents: Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Congo Red on Brewers’ Spent Grain

et al. 2018

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Brewers' spent grain (BSG), a lignocellulosic waste material, was evaluated as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of synthetic dyes methylene blue (MB) and Congo red (CR) from aqueous solutions in a batch process. Characterisation of the BSG was performed by chemical analysis, FTIR and SEM. The effects of contact time, initial dye concentration, adsorbent particle size, adsorbent concentration and pH on the adsorption process were investigated. High removal of both dyes ranging from 70 to over 90 % was achieved. It was shown that in both cases (MB and CR adsorption) the process could be interpreted in terms of Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. The kinetics of the adsorption process was well described by the pseudo-second-order model. The results indicated the potential use of BSG as a low-cost adsorbent for MB and CR dye removal from aqueous solutions.

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“…Challenges associated with using BSG as a feedstock includes the existence of a complex outer layer, making it difficult to separate and convert, and a high moisture content (80% -85%), making it susceptible to microbial growth and spoilage within a 7 -10 day period [6]. The moisture issue can be stabilized post production in the brewing process, deterioration of the feedstock through microbial activity can further reduce yields in the conversion process [27].…”

Section: Brewer's Spent Grains As a Lignocellulosic Feedstockmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Economic Potential of Brewer’s Spent Grain (BSG) as a Biomass Feedstock

Buffington¹

2014

ACES

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This paper analyzes a pro-forma economic market and supply chain system for the reuse of a lignocellulose (brewer's spent grain) in an industrial biotechnology environment. An extant literature review was conducted, followed by a technical analysis of BSG, and the development of a supply chain system and economic market analysis based upon a participant brewing company and industry experts. In this paper, it was found that, even with the potential for future improvements in the conversion of brewer's spent grain (BSG) from an efficiency standpoint, this industrial residual is supply chain prohibitive as a biofeedstock in comparison to other lignocellulose materials, therefore, centralized market relationships would not be advantageous for sellers and buyers. Future research should consider the viability of centralized supply chain structures for alternatives that may exist as future bio-feedstocks.

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Profiling brewers' spent grain for composition and microbial ecology at the site of production

Cited by 179 publications

References 22 publications

Brewers' spent grain; bioactivity of phenolic component, its role in animal nutrition and potential for incorporation in functional foods: a review

Brewers' spent grain; bioactivity of phenolic component, its role in animal nutrition and potential for incorporation in functional foods: a review

Lignocellulosic Materials as Dye Adsorbents: Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Congo Red on Brewers’ Spent Grain

The Economic Potential of Brewer’s Spent Grain (BSG) as a Biomass Feedstock

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