Profiling and potential cancer risk assessment on children exposed to PAHs in playground dust/soil: a comparative study on poured rubber surfaced and classical soil playgrounds in Seoul

Tarafdar, Abhrajyoti; Oh, Min Ju; Nguyen-Phuong, Quynh; Kwon, Jung Hwan

doi:10.1007/s10653-019-00334-2

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…As shown in Figure 6 , the PAHs concentration in the TEQ value has a greater impact on the ILCR estimation in HT and LT group, with a correlation coefficient of 0.58 and 0.71, respectively. In contrast, an inverse relationship appeared between BW and estimated carcinogenic risk for HT and LT group (correlation coefficient: −0.72 and −0.59) which similarly found by several previous studies [ 42 , 59 , 60 , 61 ]. A negative correlation value indicates that the increase in predictor is associated with a decrease in ILCR prediction.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

The Influence of Environmental Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Exposure on DNA Damage among School Children in Urban Traffic Area, Malaysia

Hisamuddin

Jalaludin

Bakar

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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This study aimed to investigate the association between particulate PAHs exposure and DNA damage in Malaysian schoolchildren in heavy traffic (HT) and low traffic (LT) areas. PAH samples at eight schools were collected using a low volume sampler for 24 h and quantified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Two hundred and twenty-eight buccal cells of children were assessed for DNA damage using Comet Assay. Monte-Carlo simulation was performed to determine incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) and to check the uncertainty and sensitivity of the estimated risk. Total PAH concentrations in the schools in HT area were higher than LT area ranging from 4.4 to 5.76 ng m−3 and 1.36 to 3.79 ng m−3, respectively. The source diagnostic ratio showed that PAHs in the HT area is pyrogenic, mainly from diesel emission. The 95th percentile of the ILCR for children in HT and LT area were 2.80 × 10−7 and 1.43 × 10−7, respectively. The degree of DNA damage was significantly more severe in children in the HT group compared to LT group. This study shows that total indoor PAH exposure was the most significant factor that influenced the DNA damage among children. Further investigation of the relationship between PAH exposure and genomic integrity in children is required to shed additional light on potential health risks.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

The Influence of Environmental Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Exposure on DNA Damage among School Children in Urban Traffic Area, Malaysia

Hisamuddin

Jalaludin

Bakar

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…For this reason, their sources as well as concentrations, existing forms, behavior, biological effectiveness, and ecotoxicity require monitoring. The main global economies, including China, are paying significant attention to these chemicals [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Spatial Distribution of Soil PAHs and their Relationship with Anthropogenic Activities at a National Scale

Zeng

Ren

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollution is a major concern due to its negative impact on soil quality around the world. In China, accurate data on soil PAHs and information on the relationship with anthropogenic activities are limited. In this study, about 30,800 samples from 1833 soil sample sites were reviewed from 306 published reports to build a soil PAHs database. Based on the data obtained, the results demonstrated that 24.11% of surface soils in China are heavily contaminated. Meanwhile, the concentration of soil PAHs varied, in the order of independent mining and industrial areas (IMIA) > urban areas > suburban areas > rural areas, and the spatial distribution in China demonstrated a descending trend from north to south. Moreover, the characteristic ratio and PCA-MLR (principal component analysis-multiple linear regression) analysis demonstrated that coal combustion and vehicular exhaust emissions were the main sources of soil PAH pollution in China. On the other hand, provincial total Σ16PAHs in surface soil were significantly correlated with the per square kilometer GDP (gross domestic product) of industrial land, the per capita GDP, as well as the production and consumption of energy. These results indicate that anthropogenic factors have greatly affected the levels of soil PAHs in China. This study improves our understanding on the status and sources of soil PAH contamination in China, thereby facilitating the implementation of strategies of prevention, control, and remediation of soils.

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“…Moreover, fossilfuel-free transportation systems can reduce PAH levels in TA. In Seoul, CR levels for soil-bound PAHs were reported in the range of 1.245E−06 to 1.357E−05 for children in playground dust (Tarafdar et al, 2020). This level is three and five times higher than the CA and ReA, respectively in Ulsan.…”

Section: Concentration Of Soil-bound Pahs and Source Identificationmentioning

confidence: 89%

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil and Human Health Risk Levels for Various Land-Use Areas in Ulsan, South Korea

Roy

Jung

Kim

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Multiplicity and complexity in sources account for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil and health risk levels in industrial zones. In the present study, cancer risks (CR) for soil-bound carcinogenic PAHs were estimated and compared for the first time in seven different land-use areas adjacent to an industrial zone (Ulsan) in Korea. The entire study area has been recognized as a “low CR” zone (10−6 < value < 10−4). Hence, all land-use areas were found to have significant (>10−6) CR levels, except for an area used to store ore and iron scraps. Estimated CR levels were highest in the railroad area (RA) and traffic area (TA), followed by those in the industrial area (IA). In addition, exposure through dermal absorption (61–70%) and ingestion (21–39%) were the most common factors for CR levels in the study area. Among all health parameters, exposure duration, body weight, and open skin surface area were distinguished as most sensitive to total CR levels. Moreover, among all carcinogenic PAHs, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene were most sensitive to CR levels. Creosote, which was utilized in railroad ties in RA and vehicular exhaust emission in TA, was classified as a source of soil-bound carcinogenic PAHs. Therefore, CR levels resulting from transportation activities were found to be two to three times higher than those obtained from industrial processes. Transportation activities in urban areas mostly serve to provide rapid and comfortable carriage for commuters. However, these facilities were mostly responsible for potential carcinogen exposure. This study directly challenges the conventional perception that industrial zones are the most polluted areas, especially when compared to transportation zones in urban areas. These findings can help local and national governments to better manage resources and maintain an economic balance.

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Profiling and potential cancer risk assessment on children exposed to PAHs in playground dust/soil: a comparative study on poured rubber surfaced and classical soil playgrounds in Seoul

Cited by 24 publications

References 34 publications

The Influence of Environmental Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Exposure on DNA Damage among School Children in Urban Traffic Area, Malaysia

The Influence of Environmental Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Exposure on DNA Damage among School Children in Urban Traffic Area, Malaysia

Assessing the Spatial Distribution of Soil PAHs and their Relationship with Anthropogenic Activities at a National Scale

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil and Human Health Risk Levels for Various Land-Use Areas in Ulsan, South Korea

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