Profiling and identification of aqueous extract of Cordyceps sinensis by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry
“…As a result, a total of 170 dipeptides ( Table S2 and Fig. 5 ) were characterized, about 4.3 times more than that in the previous report with only RP separation [ 15 ], and the characterization confidence was greatly improved. Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 90%
“…Although it has been reported to process a wide spectrum of biological functions, such as anti-aging, anti-tumor, antioxidant and reparative ones, and immune stimulation [ 14 ], the related active substances remain ambiguous. The authors identified a wide distribution of dipeptides in the aqueous extract of C. sinensis in addition to nucleobases, nucleosides, and amino acids [ 15 ]. Taking the potential activities of dipeptides into consideration, this study aimed to establish an approach to the systematic screening and characterization of dipeptides in C. sinensis , which can also be applied in the analysis of dipeptides in other foods or natural medicines.…”
“…As a result, a total of 170 dipeptides ( Table S2 and Fig. 5 ) were characterized, about 4.3 times more than that in the previous report with only RP separation [ 15 ], and the characterization confidence was greatly improved. Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 90%
“…Although it has been reported to process a wide spectrum of biological functions, such as anti-aging, anti-tumor, antioxidant and reparative ones, and immune stimulation [ 14 ], the related active substances remain ambiguous. The authors identified a wide distribution of dipeptides in the aqueous extract of C. sinensis in addition to nucleobases, nucleosides, and amino acids [ 15 ]. Taking the potential activities of dipeptides into consideration, this study aimed to establish an approach to the systematic screening and characterization of dipeptides in C. sinensis , which can also be applied in the analysis of dipeptides in other foods or natural medicines.…”
“…The applicability of the validated method was investigated to simultaneously determine the deoxynucleosides and nucleobases in aqueous crude extracts of 7 natural products of different origins or species including Siraitiae Fructus , Ginkgo seeds, Isatidis Radix , G. sinense and three Cordyceps species including C. sinensis , C. militaris , and C. cicadae . These nucleoside-rich products have long been widely used in various well-known traditional Chinese medicines and functional foods for promoting health. − Recently, more modified and new nucleosides have been identified in mushrooms, ,, highlighting the potential nutritional and medicinal values of nucleic acid components and their structural isomers.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These nucleoside-rich products have long been widely used in various well-known traditional Chinese medicines and functional foods for promoting health. 2−8 Recently, more modified and new nucleosides have been identified in mushrooms, 8,32,33 highlighting the potential nutritional and medicinal values of nucleic acid components and their structural isomers.…”
A new chemical labeling-based LC-MS/MS approach was developed for quantitative profiling of nine canonical bases and deoxynucleosides (dNs) in natural products. Using 2-bromo-1-(4-dimethylamino-phenyl)-ethaone (BrDPE) as the tagging reagent, a previously unexploited N-alkylpyrimidine derivative (Nad) was created for one-pot labeling of widescope nucleobases via a flexible bromophilic substitution under mild conditions. The derivatization notably improved the LC-MS detection sensitivity by 31−107 fold, enabling a fast dilute-and-shoot analysis of highly diluted samples. The optimized and validated method demonstrated satisfactory accuracy (87−107%), precision (RSDs < 7.5%), and recovery (89−105%) for matrix-matched standard addition. The method was applied to simultaneously determine all target analytes and four uncanonical analogues and base-modified species in seven traditional health foods, which differ in contents by up to 600-fold for discrimination among samples. Further, the base-labeled Nads exhibit a unique fragmentation signature that could be used for untargeted screening of nucleobase-containing metabolites by simplified LC-MS/MS workflow to improve quality evaluation of natural medicinal products.
“…By 1 H NMR spectroscopybased approach, metabolic profiles of various products including wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins [28], three types of natural Cordyceps (O. sinensis, Cordyceps militaris and C. nutans) and Paecilomyces tenuipe samples, and 2 types of cultured C. militaris samples in aqueous extracts [52], natural O. sinensis and commercial C. militaris in water-boiled and 50% ethanol-soaked extracts [29] were analyzed. Using LC-MS, the metabolome differences between wild O. sinensis and artificial cultured C. militaris were conducted [53], and the components of aqueous extract of artificial cultured C. sinensis were profiled with focusing on the polar compounds [54]. Previously reported works also concluded that differences in metabolomics existed between mycelia and cordyceps [51].…”
Section: Featured Metabolites and Their Potential Roles As New Quality Control Biomarkersmentioning
Cordyceps, a parasitic complex of the fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Berk.) (Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae) and the ghost moth Thitarodes (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae), is a historical ethnopharmacological commodity in China. Recently, artificial cultivation of Chinese cordyceps has been established to supplement the dwindling natural resources. However, much is unknown between the natural and cultivated products in terms of nutritional aspect, which may provide essential information for quality evaluation. The current study aims to determine the metabolic profiles of 17 treatments from 3 sample groups including O. sinensis fungus, Thitarodes insect and cordyceps complex, using Gas Chromatography - Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. A total of 98 metabolites were detected, with 90 of them varying in concentrations among groups. The tested groups could be separated, except that fungal fruiting body was clustered into the same group as Chinese cordyceps. The main distinguishing factors for the groups studied were the 24 metabolites involved in numerous different metabolic pathways. In conclusion, metabolomics of O. sinensis and its related products were determined mainly by the fruiting bodies other than culture methods. Our results suggest that artificially cultured fruiting bodies and cordyceps may share indistinguishable metabolic functions as the natural ones.
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