Profiles of ultraviolet-absorbing components of urine from autistic children, as obtained by high-resolution ion-exchange chromatography.

Lis, Adam W.; McLaughlin, Iris G.; Mpclaughlin, R K; Lis, Elaine W.; Stubbs, E G

doi:10.1093/clinchem/22.9.1528

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…2) could potentially explain the formation of 3‐(3‐hydroxyphenyl)‐3‐hydroxypropionic acid, increased urinary excretion of which has recently been reported in autistic and schizophrenic subjects [32]. Further still, Lis et al [33] have reported elevated urinary levels of 4‐hydroxyhippuric acid in autistic subjects and the immediate pre‐conjugation precursor of that compound, 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid, could potentially be derived from either phenylalanine or tyrosine (see Fig. 2) with further literature evidence confirming known microbial conversion of p‐coumaric acid to 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid [34,35].…”

Section: Significance and A Possible Connection To Autismmentioning

confidence: 95%

Metabolic differences underlying two distinct rat urinary phenotypes, a suggested role for gut microbial metabolism of phenylalanine and a possible connection to autism

Clayton¹

2012

FEBS Letters

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a b s t r a c tA novel explanation is proposed for the metabolic differences underlying two distinct rat urinary compositional phenotypes i.e. that these may arise from differences in the gut microbially-mediated metabolism of phenylalanine. As part of this hypothesis, it is further suggested that elements of the mammalian gut microbiota may convert phenylalanine to cinnamic acid, either by means of an ammonia lyase-type reaction or by means of a three step route via phenylpyruvate and phenyllactate. The wider significance of such conversions is discussed with similar metabolism of tryptophan and subsequent glycine conjugation potentially explaining the origin of trans-indolylacryloylglycine, a postulated marker for autism. Ó 2012 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Metabolite profilingMetabolite profiling ('metabonomics'/'metabolomics') is a rapidly growing area of analytical science that has immense biomedical potential, with urine samples being particularly informative, convenient to obtain and analyse [1]. A particular strength of this still-developing analytical approach is that metabolite profiles are sensitive to a whole range of factors, both genomic and environmental, and, thereby, provide a multifactorial overview of a subject's status. In one general application of this 'systems biology' approach, the changes that are induced in endogenous metabolite profiles by stressors, such as drugs and toxins, are monitored and evaluated [1]. However, 'baseline' metabolite profiles are also highly informative and may, for instance, be indicative of gender, other genetic factors, dietary status or disease [1,2]. A great deal remains to be understood regarding the significance of inter-subject variation in baseline metabolite profiles and, to do so, such variation has to be correlated with known factors. One new approach, called 'pharmaco-metabonomic phenotyping', or simply 'pharmacometabonomics', has considerable potential to reveal the hidden significance of baseline metabolite profiles [3,4]. Thus, in a first study in humans [4], the presence of high levels of p-cresol sulfate in the urine has been associated with a lower residual sulfonation capacity and an important and hitherto-unrecognised effect of the gut microbiota on paracetamol (acetaminophen) metabolism has been demonstrated. That study provides an important insight into the impact of the gut microbiota on drug metabolism [5] whilst also serving as a reminder of the major role gut microbes play in dictating urinary composition [6]. The present report further discusses the impact of the gut microbiota on baseline urinary metabolite profiles and addresses the origins of two different rat urinary phenotypes. The 'chlorogenic acid' phenotype and its originsRats are an important experimental model for many investigations and, in recent years, there have been repeated reports of two distinct rat urinary phenotypes, which are not attributable to dietary differences [7][8][9][10]. These phenotypes, whic...

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Section: Significance and A Possible Connection To Autismmentioning

confidence: 95%

Metabolic differences underlying two distinct rat urinary phenotypes, a suggested role for gut microbial metabolism of phenylalanine and a possible connection to autism

Clayton¹

2012

FEBS Letters

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“…Other metabolic profiles in ASD implicate aromatic and phenolic metabolites, including derivatives of nicotinic, amino acid, and hippurate metabolism (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32). Various amino acids are detected at differential levels across studies and across sample types, but consistent patterns are difficult to discern (17,26,28,31,(33)(34)(35)(36).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma and Fecal Metabolite Profiles in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Needham

Adame

Serena

et al. 2021

Biological Psychiatry

139

123

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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“…In this study, we found the elevated level of methylmalonic acid in postpartum depressed patient, supporting the previous researches. Here, the levels of 4-hydroxyhippuric acid and 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic acid in postpartum depressed patients were higher than that in healthy women, which were observed in autism children [32, 33]. 3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic acid is a metabolic product from the action of the bacterium in vivo , whose level elevation may suggest the disturbance of microbial population balance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

A Preliminary Study of Uric Metabolomic Alteration for Postpartum Depression Based on Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2019

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Postpartum depression affects about 10-20% of newly delivered women, which is harmful for both mothers and infants. However, the current diagnosis of postpartum depression depends on the subjective judgment of a practitioner, which may lead to misdiagnosis. Hence, an appended objective diagnosis index may help the practitioner to improve diagnosis. A metabolomic study can find biomarkers as an objective index to facilitate disease diagnosis. Forty-nine postpartum depressed patients and 50 healthy controls were recruited into this study. The metabolites in urine were scanned with LC-Q-TOF-MS. The metabolomic data were analyzed with a multivariate statistical analysis method. Data from 40 patients and 40 controls were used for partial least square-discriminate analysis (PLS-DA). The urine metabolomic profiles of patients were different from those of controls. The PLS-DA model was validated by a permutation test, and the model could accurately classify the other 9 patients and 10 controls in T-prediction. Ten differentiating metabolites were found as main contributors to this difference, which are involved in amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter metabolism, bacteria population, etc. Some of these potential biomarkers, such as 4-hydroxyhippuric acid, homocysteine, and tyrosine, showed relatively high sensitivities and specificities. The metabolic profile alteration induced by postpartum depression was found, and some of the differentiating metabolites may serve as biomarkers to facilitate the diagnosis of postpartum depression.

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Profiles of ultraviolet-absorbing components of urine from autistic children, as obtained by high-resolution ion-exchange chromatography.

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Metabolic differences underlying two distinct rat urinary phenotypes, a suggested role for gut microbial metabolism of phenylalanine and a possible connection to autism

Metabolic differences underlying two distinct rat urinary phenotypes, a suggested role for gut microbial metabolism of phenylalanine and a possible connection to autism

Plasma and Fecal Metabolite Profiles in Autism Spectrum Disorder

A Preliminary Study of Uric Metabolomic Alteration for Postpartum Depression Based on Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

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