Profiles of lymphokine activities and helper function for IgE in human T cell clones

Abstract

A large panel of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced T cell clones (690 in total), established from four different human lymphoid tissues (peripheral blood, tonsils, lymph nodes and spleens) by a high-efficiency cloning technique, was characterized according to their pattern of lymphokine production. The majority of both CD4+ and CD8+ clones from all lymphoid tissues produced interleukin (IL) 2 and/or interferon (IFN)-gamma in response to 24-h stimulation with PHA. In contrast, higher proportions of IL 4-producing clones were found among CD4+ clones from tonsils and spleens than from peripheral blood and lymph nodes, whereas only a minority of CD8+ clones from all lymphoid tissues were found to produce IL 4. It was not possible to divide the CD4+ (helper/inducer) clones on the basis of their pattern of lymphokine activity into two clear-cut groups analogous to Th1 and Th2 helper clones described in mice. Although 21 out of 503 (4%) CD4+ T cell clones produced IL 4, but not IFN-gamma or IL 2, and 208 (41%) produced IL 2 and/or IFN-gamma, but not IL 4, a total number of 185 (37%) CD4+ clones showed the ability to produce IL 4 plus IL 2 and/or IFN-gamma. All types of CD4+ T cells (as classified according to their pattern of lymphokine activity) provided help for IgG production in allogeneic B cells. In contrast, helper function for IgE was detectable only among the IL 4-producing clones.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Influence of antigens and adjuvants on the production of gamma‐interferon and antibody by ovine lymphocytes

“…Alhydrogel did not stimulate either ovine IgGl or lgG2 preferentially. This lack of correlation between the sytithesis of particular lymphokines and Ig isotypes in sheep accorded with results from human T cell clones and lymphocyte cultures (22). The results differed from comparable studies in mice where the production of y-IFN by a subpopulation of helper T lymphocytes (f HI) increased lgG2p and depressed IgGl and IgE production (7.8.23).…”

“…The data support the notion of an intrinsic immunomodulatory or mitogenic activity of individual adjuvants. While y-IFN has been reported as released from both helper and cytotoxie T lymphocytes (22), the source of y-IFN released within 24 h of inoculation of adjuvants into unprimed sheep was not clear. The results also indicated that the majority of y-IFN produced in response to adjuvanted ovalbumin was invoked by the particular adjuvant and not the antigen in the mixture.…”

The CD7− T cell subset represents the majority of IL-5-secreting cells within CD4+CD45RA− T cells

“…Th1 cells produce IL-2 and IFN-but no IL-4 and IL-5, whereas Th2 cells were reported to produce IL-4 and IL-5 but no IFN-and IL-2. Th0 cells were identified as a common precursor of Th1 and Th2 cells which appear to produce IL-4 and IFN-, but only rarely IL-5 [18]. Thus, the production of IL-5 and IL-4 has been thought to be coregulated and produced by the same type of cell.…”

Harnessing the plasticity of CD4+ T cells to treat immune-mediated disease

“…However, it also diverted attention from the functional plasticity of T cells. Even at that time, demonstrations of the co-expression of interferon-γ (IFNγ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) from human T cell clones was prevalent 199,200 , and single cell analysis showed co-expression of T H 1-and T H 2-type cytokines, especially early after the initial stimulation of naive T cells 201 . Nevertheless, the capacity of CD4 + T cells to exhibit stably polarized phenotypes both in vitro (under specific polarizing conditions) and in vivo (in individuals with immunopathologies) supported the hypothesis that distinct T cell lineages can develop that supersede plasticity 2,3,201 .…”