Profiles and technological requirements of urogenital probiotics

Abstract

Probiotics, defined as live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host, are considered a valid and novel alternative for the prevention and treatment of female urogenital tract infections. Lactobacilli, the predominant microorganisms of the healthy human vaginal microbiome, can be included as active pharmaceutical ingredients in probiotics products. Several requirements must be considered or criteria fulfilled during the development of a probiotic product or formula for the female urogenital tract. This review deals with the main selection criteria for urogenital probiotic microorganisms: host specificity, potential beneficial properties, functional specifications, technological characteristics and clinical trials used to test their effect on certain physiological and pathological conditions. Further studies are required to complement the current knowledge and support the clinical applications of probiotics in the urogenital tract. This therapy will allow the restoration of the ecological equilibrium of the urogenital tract microbiome as well as the recovery of the sexual and reproductive health of women.Fil: Nader, Maria Elena Fatima. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucuman. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Juárez Tomás, María Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucuman. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos; Argentin

Technological characterization of vaginal probiotic lactobacilli: resistance to osmotic stress and strains compatibility

“…; Juárez Tomás et al . ; Nader‐Macías and Juárez‐Tomás ), biofilm formation (Leccese Terraf et al . , ), inhibition of urogenital pathogens (e.g.…”

“…Candida albicans, Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus ), modulation of the immune system and protection against pathogens in experimental murine model (De Gregorio et al . , ; Nader‐Macías and Juárez‐Tomás ; De Gregorio et al . ; De Gregorio et al .…”

“…Our research group has isolated and identified lactic acid bacteria from women in San Miguel de Tucum an (Argentina) (Ocaña et al 1999a;Ju arez Tom as et al 2011) and evaluated their beneficial properties that include the production of antimicrobial substances (lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide and bacteriocins) (Ocaña et al 1999b(Ocaña et al , 1999c(Ocaña et al , 1999dVera Pingitore et al 2009;Ju arez Tom as et al 2011;Nader-Mac ıas and Ju arez-Tom as 2015), biofilm formation (Leccese Terraf et al 2016Terraf et al , 2017, inhibition of urogenital pathogens (e.g. Candida albicans, Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus), modulation of the immune system and protection against pathogens in experimental murine model (De Gregorio et al 2014; Nader-Mac ıas and Ju arez-Tom as 2015; De Gregorio et al 2016;De Gregorio et al 2019).…”

Modulation of the intestinal microbiota and the metabolites produced by the administration of ice cream and a dietary supplement containing the same probiotics

“…bioavailability and may help to decrease intestinal inflammatory processes and blood pressure (15)(16)(17) . However, these effects are specific to each host and depend on the strain selected, making it impossible to attribute the same health benefits to all bacteria classified as probiotics (18)(19)(20) .…”

Effect of phytoderivatives on the growth of homologous beneficial vaginal lactobacilli (BVL) strains and their compatibility for the design of phytobiotics for the vaginal tract health

“…isolated from women vagina (Tucuman, Argentina). They are included in Table 1, together with their beneficial properties previously determined [8,9,10,11,12]. Microorganisms were stored in milkyeast extract (13% non-fat milk, 0.5% yeast extract and 1% glucose) at -20°C [8].…”