Profile of the Victimized Aggressor in Child-to-Parent Violence: Differences According to the Type of Victimization

Navas-Martínez, María J.; Cano-Lozano, M. Carmen

doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2022.100302

Cited by 10 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The study of different types or profiles of offenders has gained remarkable interest in the last decades (e.g., Boyle et al, 2008). However, few studies about CPV have focused on the analysis of different profiles (Boxall & Sabol, 2021;Moulds et al, 2019;Navas-Martínez & Cano-Lozano, 2022b, 2022c, especially compared to the attention paid to other types of violence, such as gender violence (e.g., Boyle et al, 2008;Herrero et al, 2016;Moffitt et al, 2000).…”

Section: Research On Types Of Cpv Offendersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the variables that has received greater empirical support in the scientific literature about CPV is exposure to violence at home (e.g., Beckmann, 2020;Contreras & Cano-Lozano, 2016;Cuervo et al, 2021;Hernández et al, 2020;Navas-Martínez & Cano-Lozano, 2022c;Simmons et al, 2020). However, the occurrence of exposure to violence at home, as a risk factor, does not explain, on its own, how this leads an adolescent to behave in a violent manner with his/ her parents.…”

Section: The Role Of Direct Victimization At Home In Cpvmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Child-to-parent Violence Offenders (Specialists vs. Generalists): The Role of Direct Victimization at Home

Cano-Lozano

Contreras

Navas-Martínez

et al. 2023

The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context

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Background/Objectives: Current research has identified direct victimization at home as one of the main predictors of child-toparent violence (CPV). However, the mechanisms involved in this relationship have not been studied. Thus, we first analyze the differences between CPV offenders and offenders who have committed other types of offenses, as well as the differences between two types of CPV offenders: specialists (those who have only committed CPV) and generalists (those who have committed CPV in addition to other offenses), in multiple risk factors. Next, we specifically examine direct victimization at home and its relationship with social-cognitive processing in CPV. Method: The sample consisted of 208 Spanish young offenders recruited from the Juvenile Justice Service (163 males) aged 14-20 years. Concretely, 83 were CPV offenders, 126 other offenders and concerning the CPV group, 57 were specialists and 26 generalists. A wide range of individual, family, and social variables were evaluated. Results: Compared to other offenders, CPV offenders show more socio-cognitive difficulties, less parental warmth and more parental criticism/rejection, more direct victimization at home and more vicarious victimization at school and in the street. Specialist and generalist CPV offenders differ significantly in their characteristics, with the generalists showing a more negative profile than the specialists. The most important result is that direct victimization at home is linked to social-cognitive processing, and, while some of the variables (anticipation of positive consequences and justification of violence) are positively related to CPV motivated by instrumental reasons, other variables (anger and aggressive response access) are positively related to CPV motivated by reactive reasons. Conclusions: Dysfunctional social-cognitive processing is implicated in the relationship between direct victimization at home and CPV, varying the components involved depending on the reasons for the violence. It is discussed the implications of the obtained results for research and professional practice. Menores con medidas judiciales por violencia filio-parental (especialistas vs. generalistas): el papel de la victimización directa en el hogar

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Section: Research On Types Of Cpv Offendersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Role Of Direct Victimization At Home In Cpvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child-to-parent Violence Offenders (Specialists vs. Generalists): The Role of Direct Victimization at Home

Cano-Lozano

Contreras

Navas-Martínez

et al. 2023

The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context

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“…Numerous studies have analyzed the characteristics associated with the family, individual and social contexts of CPV aggressors (see Simmons et al, 2018 , for review). However, few studies have explored this phenomenon from the framework of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs; Nowakowski-Sims and Rowe, 2017 ; Nowakowski-Sims, 2019 ; Navas-Martínez and Cano-Lozano, 2022a , b ). ACEs are potentially traumatic events that occur before the age of 18, ranging from victimization experiences of diverse types ( Finkelhor et al, 2007 , 2013 ; World Health Organization, 2018 ) to a variety of other serious incidents and household dysfunctions ( World Health Organization, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning CPV and ACEs related to parental victimization, it has been observed that adolescents who exert this type of violence present higher levels of direct and witnessing parental abuse compared to those who do not exert it ( Contreras and Cano-Lozano, 2016 ; Simmons et al, 2020 ; Martín et al, 2022 ). Specifically, 25% of adolescents with CPV offenses suffer direct parental abuse and 54% are witnesses of parental abuse between parents ( Nowakowski-Sims and Rowe, 2017 ), whereas 32.5% of CPV aggressors experience some of these two types of abuse repeatedly ( Navas-Martínez and Cano-Lozano, 2022b ), and 48% also inform having an uninvolved parent ( Nowakowski-Sims and Rowe, 2017 ). Some authors have also found more ACEs related to peer victimization in CPV aggressors than in non-aggressors ( Contreras and Cano-Lozano, 2016 ), whereas others have not ( Martín et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, Calvete et al (2015a) pointed out that most adolescents with CPV offenses suffered direct peer abuse, according to the information of their parents. More recently, it has been found that 8.5% of CPV aggressors experienced direct or cyber peer abuse repeatedly ( Navas-Martínez and Cano-Lozano, 2022b ). Concerning the other types of ACEs, only Nowakowski-Sims and Rowe (2017) examined some of them and found that 13% of adolescents with CPV offenses had a serious accident, whereas drug use, psychological problems, and imprisonment by parents were informed with frequency of 14, 17, and 42%, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between child-to-parent violence and cumulative childhood adversity: the mediating role of parental attachment, resilience, and emotional intelligence

Navas-Martínez

Cano-Lozano

2023

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionRecent research on aggressor profiles in child-to-parent violence (CPV) seems to provide promising results. However, this phenomenon has been poorly addressed in the adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) framework. This study aimed to explore the frequency of different types of ACEs and cumulative ACEs in adolescents who exert CPV, to analyze the differences between aggressors with different levels of cumulative ACEs in parental attachment, resilience, and emotional intelligence, and to evaluate the associations between these variables, as well as a possible mediational model.MethodsA total of 3,142 Spanish adolescents (50.7% girls) aged between 12 and 18 years from educational centers participated.ResultsAdolescents who exerted CPV presented higher rates of ACEs both independently and cumulatively than those without CPV. Aggressors with cumulative ACEs (88%) in general presented more insecure parental attachment, lower resilience, and lower emotional intelligence than those without cumulative ACEs, and, in turn, aggressors with high levels of cumulative ACEs than those with low levels of cumulative ACEs. Significant associations were identified between CPV, ACEs, insecure parental attachment, resilience, and emotional intelligence. The mediation model suggested that ACEs are related to CPV through preoccupied and traumatized parental attachment and also through low levels of emotional intelligence.DiscussionThe findings provide a better understanding of CPV from the perspective of ACEs, especially of those cases that involve an accumulation of adverse experiences during childhood, and suggest greater professional attention to these cases with the design of specialized CPV intervention programs.

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Risk Factors for Child-to-Parent Violence: A Scoping Review

Junco-Guerrero,

Fernández-Baena,

Cantón-Cortés

2023

J Fam Viol

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Purpose Child-to-parent violence (CPV) is a socially relevant domestic violence due to its exponential prevalence and negative individual, family, and social consequences. This scoping review aimed to analyze the risk variables involved in CPV and establish the relationships between them and the differences in these factors depending on the sex of the victim and the aggressor. Methods Studies from 2012 to 2022 were reviewed through the following databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Dialnet Plus, ERIC, PsycInfo, PsycArticles, Psychology Database and Pubmed. A total of fifty-two studies were included. Results The risk factors found are individual (e.g., aggressor’s personality characteristics), familial (e.g., the parents’ educational style), and social (e.g., peer violence). The study indicates differences in risk variables depending on the sex of the aggressor and the victim, such as the aggressor’s personality characteristics, the influence of child abuse, or dating violence in adolescents. Conclusion Although the studies identified differences in risk factors for CPV depending on sex, further research is required to clarify the contradictory findings. This review has certain limitations, such as the predominance of cross-sectional studies and the focus on research carried out in Spain. Nonetheless, it carries practical implications as it expands our understanding of the risk factors associated with CPV. This knowledge can be utilized to develop educational and clinical prevention programs that take these factors into consideration.

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Profile of the Victimized Aggressor in Child-to-Parent Violence: Differences According to the Type of Victimization

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Child-to-parent Violence Offenders (Specialists vs. Generalists): The Role of Direct Victimization at Home

Child-to-parent Violence Offenders (Specialists vs. Generalists): The Role of Direct Victimization at Home

Relationship between child-to-parent violence and cumulative childhood adversity: the mediating role of parental attachment, resilience, and emotional intelligence

Risk Factors for Child-to-Parent Violence: A Scoping Review

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