Profile of the gut microbiota of adults with obesity: a systematic review

Crovesy, Louise; Ferreira, Daniele Masterson Tavares Pereira; Rosado, Eliane Lopes

doi:10.1038/s41430-020-0607-6

Cited by 414 publications

(375 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Remarkably, the OW cats had three times as many Actinobacteria as their LN counterparts (P = 0.054). In humans, Fusobacteria was positively associated with obesity (Andoh et al, 2016;Gao et al, 2018;Crovesy et al, 2020). To the contrary, a decrease in Fusobacteria was observed in OW cats vs. LN cats (P = 0.057).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Differential Responses to Dietary Protein and Carbohydrate Ratio on Gut Microbiome in Obese vs. Lean Cats

Li¹,

Pan²

2020

Front. Microbiol.

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More than 60% of domestic cats in the United States are either overweight or obese (OW). High-protein low-carbohydrate (HPLC) diets have been recommended for weight management for humans and pets. Gut microbes can influence the host's health and metabolism. Less is known about feline gut microbiomes compared to other species. Thirty-nine lean (LN) and OW domestic short-haired cats (median age, 7.2 years) with median body fat of 15.8 and 32.5%, respectively, were enrolled in a two-phase study. All cats were fed the control diet (CON) with 32.4% protein and 32.3% carbohydrate for 8 weeks followed by another 8 weeks of intervention where half of the cats continued the CON diet while the other half were switched to a HPLC diet with 51.4% protein and 11.6% carbohydrate. The goal was to understand how the HPLC diet influenced gut microbiota in obese vs. lean cats. The 16S rRNA gene profiling study revealed a significant impact on gut microbiome by dietary protein and carbohydrate ratio. The effect was more pronounced in OW cats than LN cats. While no microbial taxon was different between groups in LN cats, compositional changes occurred at different taxonomical ranks in OW cats. At the phylum level, Fusobacteria became more abundant in HPLC-fed cats than in CON-fed cats. At the genus level, five short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers had altered compositions in response to the diets: Faecalibacterium and Fusobacterium are more abundant in HPLC-fed cats while the abundances of Megasphaera, Bifidobacterium, and Veillonella increased in CON-fed cats. Predicted microbial gene networks showed changes in energy metabolism and one-carbon metabolism pathways. Our study demonstrated differential responses to HPLC diet between obese vs. lean cats and opportunities to explore these SCFA-producers for weight management in cats.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Differential Responses to Dietary Protein and Carbohydrate Ratio on Gut Microbiome in Obese vs. Lean Cats

Li¹,

Pan²

2020

Front. Microbiol.

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“…4E) we found that the three top features which were overrepresented in individuals before surgery belonged to the family Pasteurellaceae and the order RF32 (both part of the Proteobacteria phylum). Proteobacteria have long been correlated with dysbiosis leading to inflammation and obesity (24)(25)(26). Some of the mechanisms proposed for the contribution of members of the Proteobacteria to obesity in mice and humans include induction of inflammation and intestinal barrier dysfunction (24).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proteobacteria have long been correlated with dysbiosis leading to inflammation and obesity (24)(25)(26). Some of the mechanisms proposed for the contribution of members of the Proteobacteria to obesity in mice and humans include induction of inflammation and intestinal barrier dysfunction (24). We next compared the microbiota of obese vs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projection of gut microbiome pre and post-bariatric surgery to predict surgery outcome

Izhak

Eshel

Cohen³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundBariatric surgery is often the preferred method to resolve obesity and diabetes, with ~800,000 cases worldwide yearly and high outcome variability. The ability to predict the long-term Body Mass Index (BMI) change following surgery has important implications on individuals and the health care system in general. Given the tight connection between eating habits, sugar consumption, BMI, and the gut microbiome, we tested whether the microbiome before any treatment is associated with different treatment outcomes, as well as other intakes (high-density lipoproteins (HDL), Triglycerides, etc.).ResultsA projection of the gut microbiome composition of obese (sampled before and after bariatric surgery) and slim patients into principal components was performed and the relation between this projection and surgery outcome was studied. The projection reveals 3 different microbiome profiles belonging to slim, obese, and obese who underwent bariatric surgery, with post-surgery more different from the slim than the obese. The same projection allowed for a prediction of BMI loss following bariatric surgery, using only the pre-surgery microbiome.ConclusionsThe gut microbiome can be decomposed into main components depicting the patient’s development and predicting in advance the outcome. Those may be translated into better clinical management of obese individuals planning to undergo metabolic surgery.ImportanceBMI and diabetes can affect the gut microbiome composition.Bariatric surgery has large variabilities in outcome.The microbiome was previously shown to be a good predictor for multiple diseases.We analyzed here the gut microbiome before and after bariatric surgery and show that: The microbiome before surgery can be used to predict surgery outcome.Post-surgery microbiome drifts further away from the slim microbiome than pre-surgery obese patients.These results can lead to a microbiome-based pre-surgery decision whether to perform surgery.

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“…Speci cally, Arcobacter suis, A. venerupis, A. cloacae, Prevotella copri, A. aquamarines, and Bacteroides vulgatus appear to precede the SARS-CoV-2 detection in sewage. Previous studies have suggested strong correlations among these taxonomic units with chronic diseases such as obesity 24 , immune-mediated in ammatory diseases 25 , and cardiovascular diseases 26 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The wastewater microbiome: A novel insight for COVID-19 surveillance

Gallardo‐Escárate

Valenzuela-Muñoz

Núñez‐Acuña

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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Wastewater-Based Epidemiology is a tool to face and mitigate COVID-19 outbreaks by evaluating conditions in a speci c community. This study aimed to analyze the microbiome pro les using nanopore technology for full-length 16S rRNA sequencing in wastewater samples collected from a penitentiary (P), a residential care home (RCH), and a quarantine or health care facilities (HCF). The HCF microbiome was strongly associated with enteric bacteria previously reported in patients with chronic disease and psychological disorders. During the study, the wastewater samples from the RCH and the P were negative for SARS-CoV-2 based on qPCRs, except during the fourth week when was detected. Unexpectedly, the wastewater microbiome from RCH and P prior to week four was correlated with the samples collected from the HCF, suggesting a core bacterial community is expelled from the digest tract of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2. We provide novel evidence that the wastewater microbiome associated with gastrointestinal manifestations appears to precede the SARS-CoV-2 detection in sewage. This nding suggests that the wastewaters microbiome can be applied as an indicator of community-wide SARS-CoV-2 surveillance.

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Profile of the gut microbiota of adults with obesity: a systematic review

Cited by 414 publications

References 47 publications

Differential Responses to Dietary Protein and Carbohydrate Ratio on Gut Microbiome in Obese vs. Lean Cats

Differential Responses to Dietary Protein and Carbohydrate Ratio on Gut Microbiome in Obese vs. Lean Cats

Projection of gut microbiome pre and post-bariatric surgery to predict surgery outcome

The wastewater microbiome: A novel insight for COVID-19 surveillance

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