Profile of Secondary Bone Cancer in Lomé (Togo)

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical profile of bone metastases cancer. Patients and Methods: It was a retrospective study performed on a series of cases, admitted in Rheumatology department of the University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Togo from October 1989 to December 2008. The diagnosis of bone metastasis was made because of the existence of inflammatory bone pain, or pathological fracture, or bone swelling and a bone condensing or mixed or osteolytic radiological image. The anatomopathological evidence was made after biopsy of the bone lesion or primary cancer. 2018 patients were hospitalized in rheumatology, and among them 77 had documented bone metastasis. Results: There were 53 men (68.8%) and 24 women (31.2%) with a sex ratio of 2.2. The mean age was 56.6 ± 12.6 years, ranging from 21 to 82 years. The primary cancer most frequently found was that of the prostate, representing 57.1% of bone metastasis and breast in 15.6%. The main manifestations of patients with bone metastases were inflammatory bone pain (76.6%) and alteration of general condition (75.3%). The spine was the main area of pain (64.9%). The metastasis was bone condensing in 48.1% of cases, osteolytic in 40.3% and mixed in 11.6%. The average survival was 22 months. Conclusion: The clinical and radiological presentation remains classic. Cancer of the prostate and breast are the main neoplasia responsible for bone metastasis in our series. The diagnosis of the primary tumor is often made at the stage of metastasis in black Africa.

Bone Metastases: Experience of Rheumatology Unit of National Hospital University Hubert Koutoukou Maga of Cotonou

“…These lesions mainly sit on pelvis, spine and femur. This distribution of the lesions was found by Oniankitan [6]. The achievement of the long bones was present in 18.2% of their patients.…”

“…Although Tubiana-Hulin has reported that bone metastases accounted for over 90% of malignant disease of the bone [5], they are relatively rare in our series (51 patients had bone metastases over 15 years) and other African series like the recently published works (77 cases in 19 years in Togo and 81 cases in 7 years in Congo) [6] [7]. The frequency of bone metastases is certainly underestimated in the world.…”

“…The mean age of patients was 54 ± 9 [26 -85] years. These data were found in African work such as Kouakou in Cote d'Ivoire in 1994 [15], Ntsiba in Congo in 2013 [7] and Oniankitan in Lome in 2014 [6]. Bone metastases appear later in the Western series represented by Houze et al and Vandecandelaere et al who reported 77 and 63 years old for mean age of their patients respectively [14] [16].…”

“…For Ntsiba et al bone pain was the main mode of discovery of metastases (67.9% of cases), followed by neurological manifestations compression (17.1%) [7]. Oniankitan et al [6] meanwhile, found themselves bone inflammatory pain (76.6%), impaired general condition (75.3%) and the compression of the spinal cord (34 cases; 44.1%).…”

“…According to Conroy, the median survival of bone cancer is five months after diagnosis with 5% at five-year survival and 1% at ten-year survival [3]. Many African studies have discussed the issue as reflected the recently published [6]- [11]. In Benin, no study has been done on bone metastases.…”