Profile of PD-L1 mRNA Expression in Childhood Acute Leukemia

Objective:The objective of this study was to determine the Immunohistochemical expression of PD-1, PD-L1 and its association with nodal metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: A total of 66 cases were studied at Oral pathology/Histopathology, Armed forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi. The tissue sampling and processing yielded the formalin fixed, paraffin wax blocks. These blocks were cut into the thin sections (5 microns) by the microtome and then were mounted on the glass slides. This was followed by the routine H&E staining and then IHC staining (PD-1 and PD-L1) of these tissues mounted slides. For each case a definitive histological diagnosis was made. The two types of variables were analyzed. For qualitative variables frequencies and percentages were calculated whereas for quantitative variables means and standard deviations were analyzed. The Chi-square test then was applied to evaluate the significant difference and p-value of ≤0.05 was taken significant. Results: This study was conducted at Histology department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi over a period of one year from June 2019 to June 2020. It revealed male and female patients with 66.7% (44 Cases) and 33.3% (22cases) percentages respectively. The mean age was found to be 59.53 ± 13.637 (mean ± SD) and the mandible (37.9%) was the most commonly affected site. In total of 66 cases, 48 (72.7%) cases with metastasis of lymph nodes were presented. Out of 66 cases ,47 (71.2%) cases showed positive expression of PD-1 in the TILs seen among the primary tumor of the specimens, whereas, 40 (60.6%) cases showed positive PD-L1 expression in tumor cells of primary tumor.In comparison, as out of 66 cases ,48 (72.5%) cases showed lymph nodes metastasis, out of which 45 showed positive expression for PD-1 and 25 out of those 48 cases showed positive expression for PD-L1 in metastatic lymph nodes. The p-value turned to be significant for PD-1 IHC expression and PD-L1 IHC expression in the primary tumorand metastatic lymph nodes. Conclusion: A significant correlation was inferred among IHC expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 with lymph nodes metastasis. Accurate evaluation, analysis and precise management with aid of IHC markers results in initial and timely diagnosis and favorable treatment outcomes helping in the evaluation of disease course at preliminary diagnosis on incisional biopsies.

Section: Frequency Of Expression Of Pd-1 Andpd-l1 In Head and Neck Sq...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Expression of PD-1 andPD-L1 In Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma And their Association With Nodal Metastasis: A Cross-Sectional Study

Malik

Asif

Bashir

et al. 2022

“…immune responses occurs via CD8+T cells exhaustion or even through its conversion into regulatory T (Treg) cells (Helmy et al, 2020). Treg cells express FOXP3 which has an important role in cancer immunosuppression (Azhar and Aisyi, 2021).…”

Section: Expression Of Pd-l1 In Early-stage Invasive Breast Carcinoma...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of PD-L1 in Early-Stage Invasive Breast Carcinoma and Its Relation to Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes

Amin

Abou-Bakr

Eissa

et al. 2022

Objectives: Immunotherapeutic targets became one of the promising approaches in breast cancer (BC), especially in advanced stage triple-negative subtype (TNBC). However, the role of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) targeting in other BC subtypes, especially in early-stage carcinoma is less explored. We aimed in this study to investigate the prevalence of PD-L1 in early-stage invasive BC of different molecular subtypes and to elucidate its relation to tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILS) density (cytotoxic and regulatory T-cells), established clinicopathological factors and patients’ outcome. Material and Methods: One hundred and nine cases of early-stage BC were enrolled in our study. Cases were classified into five molecular subtypes according to the Immunohistochemical data. PD-L1, FOXP3 and CD8 immunostaining were analyzed for all studied cases. PD-L1 expression was correlated with CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells, FOXP3+ regulatory T-cells, histopathologic parameters, BC molecular subtypes, 7-years disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: PD-L1 was expressed in 11% of the studied early-stage BC cases. It showed a significant correlation with high tumor grade (p= <0.001), development of metastasis (p=0.037), high FOXP3+ T-cell density (p= <0.001) and low CD8+ T-cells density (p= <0.001). PD-L1 expression was higher in TNBC (16.1%), followed by HER2/neu-enriched group (14.3%). All luminal A cases showed negative PD-L1 expression. PD-L1 was found to be an independent prognostic factor for patients’ survival (DFS; p=0.031 and OS: p=0.04). Conclusion: Although the impact of PD-L1 on early-stage BC outcomes had not been clearly established, our results indicated that PD-L1 is a negative prognostic marker in early settings. PD-L1 can serve as a new therapeutic target for patients with high-grade early-stage breast carcinoma.

“…Research in the field of cancer treatment increased significantly in finding a drug or an effective way to stop tumors with no side effects (Azhar et al, 2021), miRNA which is a new class of small non-coding RNA molecules that pair with the 3′ non-coding region of target mRNA, resulting in the deterioration of the mutated mRNA or inhibition of translation, thus controlling and increasing the level of some other people (Fu et al, 2020;Josson et al, 2014), Cancer is usually caused by mutation, and this mutation causes damage to the cellular gene and depresses the tumor protected gene, such as P53, with an increase in other mutagenic proteins (A Al-Hassany et al, 2021;Fu et al, 2020). It is a miRNA with a tumor suppressor effect discovered in recent years and has been found in different types of tumors, such as gastric cancer , bladder and prostate cancer (Yuan et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of MicroRNA-409-3p for Treatment and Response to Tumor Proliferation of Lung Cancer Cell Lines (In Vitro)

Al-Hussaniy

2022

Objective: Monitoring the result of miR 409 3p and its response to tumor proliferation and its mechanism of action on some types of lung cancer in vitro (A549 cell line). Methods: Two A549 cell line group negative control group with oligonucleotide cultured under conventional conditions and transfected with positive control nucleotides. Experiments Based on the control group, chemically synthesized miR 409 3p mimics were used in the positive group with liposome transfection to construct A549 cells with high miR-409-3p expression. Result: miR4093p expression was estimated using the qPCR method in the two groups after 48 h. Later, the miR-409-3p expression in A549 cells obviously increased significantly with a positive attitude in the positive control group that was transfected by miR-409-3p (mimics) (P<0.20). As a result of this investigation, a significant increase in the percentage of total cell apoptosis was significantly increased in the positive group compared to the control group (22.68% ± 4.62%), (7.79%±1.94%) respectively, (P<0.05). However, in terms of the G1 phase, the rate is obviously low compared to the control group (40.22%±5.36%); (56.08%±5.21%) (P<0.05). endogenous ELF2 was considerably reduced after overexpression of the miR-409-3p mimic (P<0.05). Conclusion: miR-409-3p may prevent non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by affecting ELF2 transcription and other cellular regulators to regulate A549 cell division and induce apoptosis.