Profile of Hypoglycemia Incidence in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Sulfonylurea Therapy

Abstract

Over 10 million adults of Indonesian people have Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), the country ranks seventh globally in terms of diabetes cases. Effective blood glucose control is crucial, especially when using medications like Sulfonylurea to avoid the risk of hypoglycemia. This study was conducted to evaluate hypoglycemia incidence in T2DM patients on sulfonylurea therapy.The focus of this research is on the population of samples who have experienced symptoms of hypoglycemia. The results show that the prevalence of T2DM patients with SU therapy who have experienced symptomatic hypoglycemia is 62.0% (31/50 sample). Out of these 31 individuals, 51.61% are women. The majority of them is early elderly age group (46-55 years) (35.48%). Most of them have completed high school education (45.16%). Among them, 64.52% are unemployed, and 58.06% come from within Surabaya. The majority of them use glimepiride therapy (64.52%), and the most commonly used combination therapy is glimepiride + 1 combination of oral diabetes medication (54.84%). The most common comorbidity is heart disease (28.21%). Most of them attribute the symptoms of hypoglycemia to skipping meals (48.39%) and occurring at irregular times (45.16%). The average fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level for the total sample is 130.44 mg/dl, and patients that using single SU therapy have lower FPG levels than patients on combination therapy.In conclusion, the incidence of hypoglycemia due to SU therapy remains significantly high, emphasizing the need for specific efforts to ensure the safety of therapy while maintaining its effectiveness.