Profile of Cutaneous Toxoplasmosis

Binazzi, M

doi:10.1111/j.1365-4362.1986.tb03419.x

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…But it can be seen in the entire body, except in the palmoplantar region and face. The skin findings of toxoplasmosis are very varied: the dermatological lesions are reported as roseola, erythema multiforme [80], papular urticaria [80,84], urticarial, hemorrhagic eruptions, formation of nodules and bullae [81,82] on palms, soles, hands, legs, trunk, face and chest [83,84]. Jeffrey and Pollock have shown a 12-year-old boy patient with dermatomyositis and polymyositis and offered to use sulfadiazine, pyrimethamine, and folinic acid for treatment [85].…”

Section: Toxoplasmosis and Dermatological Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis and Public Health Genomics

Oymak¹,

Merve²,

Sevilay³

et al. 2017

Toxoplasmosis

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Toxoplasma gondii infection generally causes flu-like symptoms in healthy individuals; however, immunosuppression of the infected individual causes reactivation of the pathogen to its active form and relapse of the toxoplasmosis. Today it is known that toxoplasmosis triggers psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia as well as behavioral changes such as suicide attempts. Although dermatological manifestations are very rare, the dermatological lesions are not unique. In addition, previous toxoplasma infection also causes congenital infections because of placental infection and causes birth defects and spontaneous abortion. T. gondii strains are mainly divided into three main clonal lineages, yet higher recombination rate causes unusual population structure and heterogeneous distribution of the pathogen. Both genetic variations, of the pathogen and the patients, are important for virulence property and success of the therapies. The scientist focuses on the genetic variations of the pathogens and individuals to achieve effective treatment and developed tailor-made medicines. Thus, understanding the molecular basis of the disease and the link of molecular mechanism with host immunity is important to fully know the disease and related disorders. In this chapter, we would like to evaluate the current knowledge on genetic, molecular characteristics of toxoplasmosis in view of public health genomics.

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Section: Toxoplasmosis and Dermatological Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis and Public Health Genomics

Oymak¹,

Merve²,

Sevilay³

et al. 2017

Toxoplasmosis

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“…8 Reactivation of a latent infection caused by T. gondii is usually characterized by involvement of the central nervous system (CNS), occasionally the lungs, and infrequently other organs, and in most cases, patients that develop clinical disease frequently have concurrent immunosuppression. 1,19,22 Cutaneous manifestations of the disease have been reported in human beings 1,[3][4][5]17 and rarely reported in cats, 2,16,19 and only 1 report describes cutaneous infection in a dog with systemic toxoplasmosis. 22 In the reported cases of cutaneous toxoplasmosis in human patients, the lesions present as erythema multiforme-like eruptions or as a nodular, 3,4,17 maculopapular, papulopustular, lichenoid, or vegetative dermatitis.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…17 These patients can have systemic signs, including asthenia, fever, joint pain, and lymphadenopathies. [3][4][5] The presence of organisms in skin biopsies is observed in approximately half of the cases, and the diagnosis in the past was usually confirmed by animal inoculation or seroconversion. 17 Currently, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and nucleic acid sequencing can be used to confirm these cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cutaneous toxoplasmosis is a rare to uncommon manifestation of the infection by T. gondii described in human beings 1,[3][4][5]17 and in a few domestic animal species. 2,13,16,19,22 Even though a high percentage of animals are serologically positive for toxoplasmosis, only a few animals develop clinical disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,19,22 Cutaneous manifestations of the disease have been reported in human beings 1,3-5,17 and rarely reported in cats, 2,16,19 and only 1 report describes cutaneous infection in a dog with systemic toxoplasmosis. 22 In the reported cases of cutaneous toxoplasmosis in human patients, the lesions present as erythema multiforme–like eruptions or as a nodular, 3,4,17 maculopapular, papulopustular, lichenoid, or vegetative dermatitis. 17 These patients can have systemic signs, including asthenia, fever, joint pain, and lymphadenopathies.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cutaneous toxoplasmosis in two dogs

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Cutaneous toxoplasmosis has been previously reported in human beings, rarely reported in cats, and reported in 1 dog with systemic toxoplasmosis. The present report describes 2 cases of cutaneous toxoplasmosis in 2 dogs treated with immunosuppressive therapy. One of the dogs developed generalized cutaneous pustules and pruritus, and the other dog only had a single subcutaneous nodule. Microscopically, skin biopsies showed moderate to severe pyogranulomatous and necrotizing dermatitis and panniculitis, with multifocal vasculitis and vascular thrombosis. Single or aggregates of protozoal tachyzoites were mostly intracytoplasmic and occasionally extracellular. The etiology was confirmed in both cases by immunohistochemistry and by polymerase chain reaction assays, which were followed by nucleic acid sequencing. Both patients were treated with clindamycin. The dog with generalized lesions developed pulmonary and neurological signs and was euthanized. The dog with a single nodule recovered completely with no remission of cutaneous lesions.

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