Profile Of Children With Guillan Barre Syndrome In RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan: Events In 5 Years

Abstract

Background : Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute demyelinating disease of the peripheral nervous system characterized clinically by flaccid paralysis. The mortality rate in children is about 3-5%. Early diagnosis and therapy important for patient's prognosis. Objective : The aim of this study was to acquaint the profile of children with Guillain-Barré syndrome at the RSUP HAM Medan Hospital from 2016 to 2020. Methods : This study is a descriptive study with a retrospective design. The population and sample with total sampling of the children with GBS diagnosed at the HAM Medan Hospital recorded in the medical record from January 2016 to December 2020. The data were analyzed univariately and presented with a frequency distribution. Results: From this study, 41 children with GBS were found. There were 18 children (43.9%) with age between 10-14 year (female was 22 people (53.7%). Based on the Brighton Criteria for GBS children, most of the children was on level 2 that were 35 people (85 ,4%). From the results of the EMG (Electromyography) examination in GBS children, 24 people (58.5%). had the most types of GBS were Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy (AMAN). There was no cytoalbumin dissociation was found on CSF analysis. Mostly 28 people had supportive therapy, that was the most used type of therapy. The disability scale shows that children who can walk with the help of a cane or supporting equipment (disability scale 3) was 26 people (63.4%). Based on the length of stay in the hospital, 26 children (63.4%) were treated for 8-14 days. Conclusion: Majority the case of GBS in the RSUP HAM Medan was similar previous studies. Our results can be used as baseline data for understanding the characteristics of GBS in Indonesia.