Profile and management of patients at a memory clinic

Kalula, Sebastiana; Ferreira, Mônica; Thomas, Kevin G. F.; Villiers, Linda de; Joska, John A.; Geffen, Leon

doi:10.7196/samj.3384

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The distribution of our dementia diagnoses is similar to other reports from India [6, 11, 35] and reports of memory clinics from other developing countries [36, 37], with the most common diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, followed by vascular dementia. Alzheimer's disease is recognized as the most common type of dementia in both developed [38] as well as in developing countries [9].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Characterizing Cognitive Deficits and Dementia in an Aging Urban Population in India

Nair

Dyk²,

Shah³

et al. 2012

International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease

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Rapid rise in the population of older adults in India will lead to the need for increased health care services related to diagnosis, management, and long-term care for those with dementia and cognitive impairment. A direct approach for service provision through memory clinics can be an effective, successful, and sustaining means of delivering specialized health care services. We have established a memory clinic in Mumbai, India by employing the diverse clinical skills available in Indian academic institutions, diagnostic and research expertise of clinicians and psychologists, and the support of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Our project involved recruitment of patients, clinical and neuropsychological assessment, and standardized diagnostic procedures, demonstrating the feasibility of using research methods to develop a memory clinic. In this paper, we describe the development of a community-based memory clinic in urban India, including linguistic and cultural factors and present detailed results, including diagnostic characterization, on 194 subjects with various stages of cognitive deficits. Our findings support the feasibility of developing a memory clinic in a public hospital and successful use of research diagnostic criteria to categorize cognitive deficits observed in this population, which may be used to inform the development of other such clinics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Characterizing Cognitive Deficits and Dementia in an Aging Urban Population in India

Nair

Dyk²,

Shah³

et al. 2012

International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease

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“…The reported prevalence of dementia for hospital-based studies ranged from 0.05% at a neuropsychiatric practice in southwestern Nigeria (survey period 1998–2007) [45], to 8.87% at a geriatric center in Dakar, Senegal [51]. Further, dementia accounted for 6.90% of patients with acute confusional state in a hospital in Tanzania [48], while 74.00% of 305 patients who presented to a memory clinic in South Africa were diagnosed with dementia [53]. The incidence of dementia in SSA was only reported in two population-based studies both conducted in Nigeria-Yorubas.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Dementia among the Elderly in Sub-Saharan Africa

Olayinka

Mbuyi

2014

International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease

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Objectives. To review epidemiologic studies on the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of dementia in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods. A MEDLINE search (from January 1992 to December 31, 2013) of epidemiologic studies, with no language restriction, was conducted using the keywords “dementia” or “Alzheimer's” and “Africa.” We selected for review population and hospital-based studies that reported the prevalence, incidence, or risk factors of dementia in SSA in people aged 60 years and above. References of selected articles were reviewed to identify additional relevant articles that met our selection criteria. Results. Of a total of 522 articles, 41 were selected and reviewed. The reported prevalence of dementia in SSA varied widely (range: 2.29%–21.60%); Alzheimer's disease was the most prevalent type of dementia. Only two studies conducted in Nigeria reported incidence data. Major risk factors identified include older age, female gender, cardiovascular disease, and illiteracy. Conclusion. Data on the epidemiology of dementia in SSA is limited. While earlier studies reported a lower prevalence of dementia in older persons, recent studies have put these findings into question suggesting that dementia prevalence rates in SSA in fact parallel data from Western countries.

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“…However, the use of MMSE to screen for dementia may be inappropriate because of the low education level of many patients, and their non-validation in this population [16]. Low education leads to a false positive screening of dementia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%