Profil épidémiologique de la fièvre typhoïde, Meknès, 2013–2016

Essayagh, Meriem; Rhaffouli, A. El; Essayagh, Sanah; Essayagh, Touria

doi:10.1016/j.respe.2019.09.006

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This was narrowed down to 64 reports after duplicate removal, and screening by title, abstract, and full text-review for data on typhoid fever epidemiology in an EMR country. Of these, an additional 23 reports were excluded based on diagnostic method exclusive of blood culture confirmation (i.e., stool culture, [13][14][15] serologic test, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] wastewater testing, 24 or clinical diagnosis alone, 25 method unspecified 26,27 ), or non-full text articles. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] The remaining 41 unique studies met selection criteria and were included in analyses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typhoid Fever in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review, 1990–2021

Appiah

Prentice-Mott

et al. 2023

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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The occurrence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of typhoid fever in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) are poorly characterized. Robust surveillance data are needed to inform strategies for typhoid control and prevention in the region. We conducted a systematic review of typhoid fever occurrence, complications, and AMR patterns in EMR countries. We identified 70 studies published from 1990 to 2021, including a total of 44,541 cases with blood culture confirmed typhoid fever in 12 EMR countries, with 48 (69%) studies and 42,008 cases from Pakistan. Among 56 studies with AMR data, fluroquinolone (68% of 13,013 tested isolates), and multidrug resistance (40% of 15,765 tested isolates) were common. Forty (57%) of the 56 studies were from Pakistan, and all reports of extensively drug resistant Salmonella Typhi (48% of 9,578 tested isolates) were from studies in Pakistan. Our findings support the need for continued efforts to strengthen surveillance and laboratory capacity for blood-culture detection of typhoid fever in the region, including data from an ongoing collaboration among CDC, the American University of Beirut, and the WHO EMR office.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typhoid Fever in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review, 1990–2021

Appiah

Prentice-Mott

et al. 2023

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…In Meknes, a city of Morocco, Essayagh and his team showed that climatic conditions could facilitate the invasion of certain pathogens [ 111 ]. Authors showed that the average incidence of typhoid fever was highest during the dry season (5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in summer and 2.8 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in spring).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Climate, Air Pollution, and Health in North Africa

Sekmoudi¹,

Bouakline

Khomsi

et al. 2022

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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Purpose of Review The aim of this review is to summarize and provide clear insights into studies that evaluate the interaction between air pollution, climate, and health in North Africa. Recent Findings Few studies have estimated the effects of climate and air pollution on health in North Africa. Most of the studies highlighted the evidence of the link between climate and air pollution as driving factors and increased mortality and morbidity as health outcomes. Each North African country prioritized research on a specific health factor. It was observed that the health outcome from each driving factor depends on the studied area and data availability. The latter is a major challenge in the region. As such, more studies should be led in the future to cover more areas in North Africa and when more data are available. Data availability will help to explore the applicability of different tools and techniques new to the region. Summary This review explores studies related to climate and air pollution, and their possible impacts on health in North Africa. On one hand, air quality studies have focused mainly on particulate matter exceedance levels and their long-term exposure impacts, namely, morbidity and mortality. The observed differences between the various studies are mainly due to the used exposure–response function, the studied population, background emissions, and natural emission from the Sahara Desert that characterize the region. On the other hand, climate studies have focused primarily on the impact of heat waves, vector-borne disease, and mental disorders. More than half of these studies have been on leishmaniasis disease. The review revealed unbalanced and insufficient research on health impacts from air pollution episodes and climate extremes across the region.

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“…By analyzing the time of the incidence of typhoid and paratyphoid fever, we found that the onset of typhoid and paratyphoid fever accumulated in summer with apparent periodicity and seasonality. Some studies also found that typhoid and paratyphoid fever frequently occurred in summer [ 26 ], and the further away from the equator, the more pronounced the seasonal change was [ 27 ]. Meanwhile the incidence of disease in Hunan Province raised between March and April, reached its peak in July and August, and then showed a gradual downward trend.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial heterogeneity of socio-economic determinants of typhoid/paratyphoid fever in one province in central China from 2015 to 2019

et al. 2023

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Background Typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever are one of the most criticial public health issues worldwide, especially in developing countries. The incidence of this disease may be closely related to socio-economic factors, but there is a lack of research on the spatial level of relevant determinants of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever. Methods In this study, we took Hunan Province in central China as an example and collected the data on typhoid and paratyphoid incidence and socio-economic factors in 2015–2019. Firstly spatial mapping was made on the disease prevalence, and again using geographical probe model to explore the critical influencing factors of typhoid and paratyphoid, finally employing MGWR model to analysis the spatial heterogeneity of these factors. Results The results showed that the incidence of typhoid and paratyphoid fever was seasonal and periodic and frequently occurred in summer. In the case of total typhoid and paratyphoid fever, Yongzhou was the most popular, followed by Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Huaihua and Chenzhou generally focused on the south and west. And Yueyang, Changde and Loudi had a slight increase trend year by year from 2015 to 2019. Moreover, the significant effects on the incidence of typhoid and paratyphoid fever from strong to weak were as follows: gender ratio(q = 0.4589), students in ordinary institutions of higher learning(q = 0.2040), per capita disposable income of all residents(q = 0.1777), number of foreign tourists received(q = 0.1697), per capita GDP(q = 0.1589), and the P values for these factors were less than 0.001. According to the MGWR model, gender ratio, per capita disposable income of all residents and Number of foreign tourists received had a positive effect on the incidence of typhoid and paratyphoid fever. In contrast, students in ordinary institutions of higher learning had a negative impact, and per capita GDP shows a bipolar change. Conclusions The incidence of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Hunan Province from 2015 to 2019 was a marked seasonality, concentrated in the south and west of Hunan Province. Attention should be paid to the prevention and control of critical periods and concentrated areas. Different socio-economic factors may show other directions and degrees of action in other prefecture-level cities. To summarize, health education, entry-exit epidemic prevention and control can be strengthened. This study may be beneficial to carry out targeted, hierarchical and focused prevention and control of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever, and provide scientific reference for related theoretical research.

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Profil épidémiologique de la fièvre typhoïde, Meknès, 2013–2016

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Typhoid Fever in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review, 1990–2021

Typhoid Fever in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review, 1990–2021

A Review on Climate, Air Pollution, and Health in North Africa

Spatial heterogeneity of socio-economic determinants of typhoid/paratyphoid fever in one province in central China from 2015 to 2019

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