Professionalism in the Training of Medical Specialists: an Integrative Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction The construct professionalism is increasingly being recognized as an important component of medical education; fundamental to the physician’s role in society Objective: To group in a concise and systemized way the information available in scientific productions on the concept of medical professionalism and its applications in medical residency programs. Methods A total of 85 articles were found in 2018, of which 13 were excluded for duplication using the Mendeley platform. Of the 72 remaining articles, 35 were excluded for not answering the research question. Of the 37 articles selected for reading of the abstract, eight were not available, leaving 29 articles. After reading all articles for the final selection, 11 articles were excluded. Six papers did not fulfill the goals of the research, and five were opinion articles. Results The production included 18 articles, from which analysis emerged three thematic categories: (a) professionalism: multidimensional construct; (b) teaching of professionalism: role modeling and the curriculum; (c) evaluation of professionalism: multiple strategies in the curriculum. The most frequently cited domains were: altruism, responsibility, care, teamwork, self-control, ethical principles and clinic excellence. Ten articles highlighted the importance of role modeling by preceptors and members of the health team in the Medical Residency Program for teaching professionalism. Regarding the most commonly used strategies for the selection, feedback practices and the OSCE were highlighted in scenarios to evaluate the domains of professionalism. Conclusion Professionalism is a dynamic construct that is worked on in the form of teaching and assessment in Medical Residency Programs. There is no consensus on the professionalism concept, and thus, multiple strategies are used for the teaching, among which role modeling can be highlighted. The teaching of medical professionalism, as a construct, in the training of specialists can reduce lapses and foster assistance based on respect for the autonomy of people and social responsibility.

The doctor I want to be: professional self-image in Brazil and Portugal

“…The scientific literature is full of studies about the profile of the "good" physician 5,[9][10][11][12][13] , uniting values and attitudes to clinical skills and theoretical knowledge. It is therefore justified to research the idealized professional profile from the interviewee point of view.…”

O médico que eu quero ser: autoimagem profissional no Brasil e em Portugal

“…A literatura científica está repleta de estudos sobre o perfil do "bom" médico 5,[9][10][11][12][13] , que une valores e atitudes às competências clínicas e aos conhecimentos teóricos. Nesse sentido, justifica-se pesquisar, do ponto de vista do investigado, o perfil profissional idealizado para si.…”

Sentidos Atribuídos À Sobrecarga De Trabalho Por Residentes De Ginecologia E Obstetrícia E Sua Influência No Profissionalismo Médico

“…O profissionalismo médico permanece como um construto sem homogeneidade entre as especialidades médicas (Feitosa et al, 2019) que envolve múltiplas dimensõespessoais, sociais , institucionais e interpessoais (Consorti, Notarangelo, Potasso, & Toscano, 2012), sendo essencial na relação do médico com a sociedade (Cruess, 2006) O profissionalismo médico ganhou destaque na última década pelas constantes crises sociais na relação médico-paciente. A carta sobre o profissionalismo médico publicada em 2002 pelas sociedades europeias e americanas, subscrita por vários programas de RM, orientou a atuação do médico juntamente com as contribuições do ACGME nas estratégias de ensino e avaliação do profissionalismo (Meakins, 2003; The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, 2017).…”