Produtividade Do Trator Florestal Chocker Skidder Na Extração De Madeira Em Terrenos Declivosos

Abstract

Este trabalho objetivou analisar os tempos do ciclo operacional e a produtividade do trator florestal chocker skidder na extração de madeira em diferentes classes de declividade e distância, visando gerar informações para o planejamento eficiente das operações e o melhor aproveitamento dos recursos disponíveis. O trabalho foi realizado em uma empresa florestal localizada no município de Itararé, SP. Foi realizado um estudo de tempos e movimentos do ciclo operacional, determinando disponibilidade mecânica, disponibilidade técnica, eficiência operacional e produtividade da máquina em diferentes condições de distância de extração e declividade do terreno. Os resultados indicaram que as atividades que consumiram a maior parte do tempo do ciclo de trabalho foram o “arraste do cabo e engate” e “desengate das correntes”, com 28% e 11% do tempo total, respectivamente. Houve redução da produtividade da máquina com o aumento da declividade do terreno, sendo mais evidente nas menores distâncias de extração e mostrando a sensibilidade dessa variável nessa condição operacional.AbstractProductivity of forestry tractor chocker skidder in extraction of wood on steep terrain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the time consumed by the elements of the work cycle and the productivity of a chocker skidder in extraction of wood at different slope terrain and distances classes, generating information for efficient planning of operations and better utilization of available resources. The study was conducted in a forestry company located in the municipality of Itararé, São Paulo State. A motion and time study of the operational cycle was performed, determining the mechanical availability, technical availability, operational efficiency and productivity of the machine in different conditions of extraction distance and terrain slope. The results showed that elements of the work cycle which most time consuming were the "drag cable and engagement" and "disengagement of the currents" that consumed the greatest operational cycle of the machine with 28% and 11% of the total time, respectively. A reduction machine productivity with increasing of the terrain slope, being stronger in the smaller extraction distances and, showing the sensitivity of this variable in this operating condition.Keywords: Timber harvesting; operational planning; optimization.

Productivity and Energy Efficiency of Winching Operations in Pine Stands in Mountainous Regions

“…In this study, a negative relationship between productivity and extraction distance was clear, as expected and also found by Simões et al (2010), ), Gilanipoor et al (2012, Santos et al (2013), Leite et al (2014) and Lopes and Diniz (2015) who worked with various forms of extraction found this relationship of worsening in productivity with the extraction distance.…”

“…It can be seen in Figure 2 the reduction in the participation of the hook load element in the treatment II. In a work with a choker skidder, Lopes and Diniz (2015) found values of 28% for the sum of the elements cable pulling and hook load values close to those found in this work of 27.74% in treatment II, while in treatment I this value rises to 37.01%. It is noteworthy here that the team configuration as well as the activities involved with the extraction with a choker skidder of the work of Lopes and Diniz (2015) are similar to that of a farm tractor with winch when with the treatment II.…”

Comparative Analysis of Maintenance Models in Forest Machines

“…Analyzing the productivity of machines in a whole tree system, Fiedler et al (2008) stated that the high corrective maintenance number results in low mechanical availability, with direct interference in planning and in production capacity of the wood harvesting operations. Simões et al (2014) points out that the adequately mechanical maintenance performance translates into a high mechanical availability index, which was also confirmed by Lopes & Diniz (2015) by studying forest extraction activity.…”

Influência Das Interrupções Sobre O Grau De Utilização De Picadores Florestais

“…A colheita de madeira é uma das atividades mais onerosas do ciclo produtivo de plantios florestais com fins comerciais (LOPES & DINIZ, 2015). Nessa etapa, é comum que quantidades aproveitáveis de material lenhoso, sejam deixadas dentro do talhão após o processamento da madeira (JACOVINE et al, 2001).…”