Produksi Ekstrak Bioaktif Untuk Aditif Pangan Dari Limbah Kulit Buah Naga: Pengaruh Metode Pre-Treatment Dan Ekstraksi

Abstract

Dragon fruit is one of the tropical fruits can be grown in Indonesia. The skin of dragon fruit, which is accounted for 30-35% of the whole fruit usually thrown away as waste. This study aims to produce a bioactive extract from extraction of dragon fruit skin that is rich in phenolic and pigment compounds then it used as food additives. The variation that was used in this study includes the application of drying as pre-treatment of dragon fruit skin and the extraction methods (maceration and Soxhlet extraction). The obtained extracts were evaluated for the amount of total phenolic compounds and pigments (anthocyanin and betacyanin). Drying of dragon fruit skin was found to yield lower amounts of bioactive materials, which may occur due to the thermal degradation even though a low drying temperature was used. In addition, the maceration method was found to give a higher amount of bioactive materials compared with the Soxhlet method. The extraction with the highest yield of bioactive materials was obtained by the use of fresh dragon fruit skin and maceration for 240 minutes, which gave amounts of anthocyanin, betacyanin, and total phenolic compounds of 0.08, 0.04, dan 0.35 mg/g fresh dragon fruit skin, respectively.

Microencapsulation effect of natural dye extracts of spirulina platensis, dragon fruit peel, and pumpkin skin on antioxidant activity, color stability and particle size

“…Dragon fruit peel contains content that can be utilized, such as anthocyanins, natural pigments commonly used as food coloring. Anthocyanins are flavonoid compounds that have antioxidant activity [8]. In addition, the content of antioxidant compounds found in dragon fruit peels were tested based on color changes after being given reagents, namely alkaloids, steroids, saponins, and tannins [25].…”

“…Dragon fruit peel has an amount ranging from 30-35% of the weight of the fruit, dragon fruit peel has the potential to be used as a natural dye [7]. Dragon fruit peel can produce red pigments called anthocyanins including flavonoid compounds [8]. Dragon fruit peel has a higher antioxidant content than the fruit [9].…”

IDENTIFIKASI KUALITAS WARNA BUAH NAGA (Hylocerecus) DENGAN EKSTRAKSI MENGGUNAKAN MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACT (MAE)

“…Hasil evaporator ini yang kemudian dianalisa. Analisa yang dilakukan terhadap ekstrak buah naga yaitu kadar polifenol (Rodríguez-Carpena et al, 2011) , aktivitas antioksidan (Azadmard-Damirchi et al, 2011), kadar antosianin (Siahaan et al, 2014) , kadar betasianin (Shofinita et al, 2020) dan warna (Kaemba et al, 2017).…”

“…Rata-rata kadar polifenol paling tinggi pada kulit buah naga merah dengan nilai 623,1 mg GAE/100g. Kadar polifenol buah naga daging merah dengan ekstraksi MAE lebih tinggi dibandingkan ekstraksi maserasi yaitu 35 mg/100g (Shofinita et al, 2020). Kadar polifenol tersebut terdapat pada Tabel 1.…”

The extraction effect of the skin of dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) to its phenolic compounds and its antioxidants: A review

“…According to [15] there are two kinds of extraction methods; conventional and modern method. The conventional extraction includes maceration, reflux and soxhlet extraction [16] and the modern extraction includes MAE (Microwave-Assisted Extraction) and UAE (Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction) [17].…”