Productivity of sugar sorgo in a mix with forage beans in modeling various conditions of mineral nutrition

Abstract

The studies were carried out in 2020-2021. in the conditions of a field experiment at the hospital of the FSBSI "Omsk ASC". The purpose of the research is to study the influence of various conditions of mineral nutrition on the productivity of sugar sorghum mixed with fodder beans in the conditions of the south of Western Siberia. The scheme of the experiment involved the study of the following options: soil supply with mobile phosphorus (factor A) - medium (50 ... 100 mg / kg according to F.V. Chirikov, background 0), increased (100 ... 120 mg / kg, background I and 140 ... mg/kg, background II), high (150...200 mg/kg, background III); phosphorus fertilizer (factor B) - P0, P60; nitrogen fertilizer (factor C) - N0, N30, N60. The soil of the experimental plot was characterized by a neutral pHwater of the arable layer with a humus content of 7.01 ... 7.24%, a low supply of nitrate nitrogen in a layer of 0 0.4 m, an average supply of mobile phosphorus and a high supply of exchangeable potassium in a layer of 0 0.2 m on control. Growing drought-resistant crops allows efficient use of atmospheric and soil moisture resources. The use of mineral fertilizers also contributes to its economical use per unit of crop, significantly reducing the value of the water consumption coefficient. The ratio of the legume and bluegrass components in the grass mixture to a certain extent depended on the conditions of mineral nutrition. With an increase in the level of phosphorus supply, there was a tendency to increase the share of legumes, the use of nitrogen mineral fertilizers increased the competitive ability of sugar sorghum. Optimization of the conditions of mineral nutrition provided up to 5.68 thousand feed units/ha and 28.29 t/ha of green mass at 3.10 thousand feed units/ha and 15.38 t/ha of green mass in the control variant. The collection of more than 0.5 ton of digestible protein and 60 GJ/ha of metabolic energy in the crop of a legume-sorghum mixture is a good contribution to the system of forage production in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia.