Productivity of American robins exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls, Housatonic River, Massachusetts, USA

Henning, Miranda H.; Robinson, Scott K.; McKay, Kelly J.; Sullivan, Joseph P.; Bruckert, Heather

doi:10.1897/02-536

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Decreased hatching success in pippers of tree swallows has been reported to occur at 63 mg PCB/kg, ww in eggs (Custer et al 2003), but no reproductive impairment of American robins was observed at 83.6 mg PCB/kg, ww in eggs (Henning et al 2003). These studies are applicable to the current study because they fulfill the criteria for TRV selection, and they are conducted on wild passerine birds.…”

Section: Selection Of Toxicity Reference Valuesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…A safety factor of three was determined to be acceptable because the LOAEL was established near the threshold for effects. Several species of wild passerine birds, such as the ones examined in this study, appear to be less sensitive to PCB exposure (Thiel et al 1997;Custer et al 1998;Henning et al 2003) than domesticated galliformes on which dietary TRVs could be based (e .g., domestic chickens, ring-necked pheasant; Dahlgren et al 1972).…”

Section: Selection Of Toxicity Reference Valuesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Several species of wild passerine birds, such as the ones examined in this study, appear to be less sensitive to PCB exposure (Thiel et al 1997;Custer et al 1998;Henning et al 2003) than domesticated galliformes on which dietary TRVs could be based (e .g., domestic chickens, ring-necked pheasant; Dahlgren et al 1972). Thus, the dietary HQs based on domesticated avian species are likely an overestimate of hazard potential.…”

Section: Dietary Exposure To Pcbs and Subsequent Risk For Songbirdsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…No LOAEL could be established for terrestrial species, so the LOAEL calculated for tree swallows was used. This same concept was applied to arrive at the most conservative estimate for all avian species based on the NOAEL established for terrestrial passerine tissues, which was 83.6 mg PCB/kg, ww in eggs (Henning et al 2003). The most conservative estimate of a TRV for dietary exposure when BMFs were applied was 1.9 mg PCB/kg, ww diet.…”

Section: Selection Of Toxicity Reference Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure and Multiple Lines of Evidence Assessment of Risk for PCBs Found in the Diets of Passerine Birds at the Kalamazoo River Superfund Site, Michigan

Neigh

Zwiernik

Blankenship

et al. 2006

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal

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Dietary exposures of passerine birds at the Kalamazoo River, Michigan, were examined due to the presence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the terrestrial and aquatic food webs. Average potential daily doses in diets were 6-to 29-fold and 16-to 35-fold greater at a contaminated location than at a reference location for PCB exposures quantified as total PCBs and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p -dioxin equivalents (TEQs), respectively. Birds with diets comprised of primarily aquatic insects had greater dietary exposure than birds with diets of primarily terrestrial insects. Risk associated with dietary exposure varied with the selection of the threshold for effects including hazard quotients, which exceeded 1 in instances where the most conservative toxicity reference values were utilized. Risk based on concentrations of PCBs in the tissues indicated little risk to avian species, and co-located studies evaluating reproductive health did not suggest that observed incidences of diminished reproductive success were related to PCB exposure. Measures of risk based on comparison to toxicity reference values (TRVs) were consistent with direct measures of ecologically relevant endpoints of reproductive fitness, but uncertainty exists in the selection of threshold values for effects in these species especially based on TEQs. This is largely due to the absence of species-specific, dose-response relationships. Therefore, the best estimate of risk is through the application of multiple lines of evidence. INTRODUCTIONThe purpose of this study was to describe the exposure pathways for passerine birds exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at the Kalamazoo River and to estimate risk associated with PCBs through those pathways. A secondary goal was to compare the two established methodologies for estimating exposure and subsequent risk. Finally, the results of the risk assessments based on the two methods of estimating exposure were compared to measures of reproductive fitness at the more PCB-contaminated site and the less contaminated, upstream reference location. The first method for estimating exposure, the "top-down" approach, measured concentrations of PCBs in the eggs, nestlings, and adults of each species. The other approach, which predicts exposure based on concentrations of PCBs in dietary items, is referred to as "bottom-up" (Fairbrother 2003). The two approaches, although inherently linked, have become disjointed in the risk evaluation process. The reason for this separation is often related to constraints on funding and time, but the assessor cannot be unequivocally assured that their selection of methodology does not overlook some important interaction in determining risk, or for that matter, does not over or underestimate risk based on uncertainties due to the adjustment of models from the given data.It has been suggested that several lines of evidence be used to evaluate risk instead of implementing only one type of methodology (Fairbrother 2003). However, it may not always be possible to apply mult...

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Section: Selection Of Toxicity Reference Valuesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Selection Of Toxicity Reference Valuesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Dietary Exposure To Pcbs and Subsequent Risk For Songbirdsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Selection Of Toxicity Reference Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Exposure and Multiple Lines of Evidence Assessment of Risk for PCBs Found in the Diets of Passerine Birds at the Kalamazoo River Superfund Site, Michigan

Neigh

Zwiernik

Blankenship

et al. 2006

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal

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“…Site-specific dietary composition is related to the prevailing invertebrate abundance (Custer et al 2005;Echols et al 2004;Neigh et al 2006a;Nichols et al 1995;Quinney and Ankney 1985;Smits et al 2005;Wayland et al 1998) and the timing of nest initiation (Custer et al 1998;Maul et al 2006;Papp et al 2007), especially for tree swallows that prey primarily on emergent aquatic invertebrates to feed nestlings (Blancher and McNicol 1991;Johnson and Lombardo 2000;McCarty and Winkler 1999). Site-specific residue concentrations in egg and nestling tissues have been studied for a variety of chlorinated hydrocarbons and species (Ankley et al 1993;Bishop et al 1995;Custer et al 1998Custer et al , 2003Custer et al , 2005Froese et al 1998;Henning et al 2003;Neigh et al 2006a, b, c;Spears et al 2008). Fewer studies have investigated accumulation via the diet or determined uptake rates Nichols et al 1995Nichols et al , 2004.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary exposure of three passerine species to PCDD/DFs from the Chippewa, Tittabawassee, and Saginaw River floodplains, Midland, Michigan, USA

Fredricks

Giesy

Coefield

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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Dietary exposure of house wrens (Troglodytes aedon), tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor), and eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis) to polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) near Midland, Michigan (USA) was evaluated based on site-specific data, including concentrations of Assess (2011) 172:91-112 dietary concentrations for nestlings at study areas (SAs) were 6-to 20-fold and 2-to 9-fold greater than at proximally located reference areas (RAs), respectively. Average ingestion values of total 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (TEQ WHO−Avian ) from site-specific bolus-based and food web-based dietary concentrations for nestlings at SAs were 31-to 121-fold and 9-to 64-fold greater than at proximally located RAs, respectively. Estimates of PCDD/DFs and TEQ WHO−Avian tissue concentrations based on nestling dietary exposures were greater than those measured. Plausible explanations include nestling metabolism of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran and assimilation rates of less than the 70% assumed to occur over the nestling growth period. Profiles of the relative concentrations of individual PCDD/DF congeners in samples of invertebrates and bolus at SAs on the Tittabawassee River downstream of the source of contamination were dominated by 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (22% to 44%) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (18% to 50%).

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Multiple lines of evidence risk assessment of american robins exposed to polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFS) and polychlorinated dibenzo‐P‐dioxins (PCDDS) in the tittabawassee river floodplain, Midland, Michigan, Usa

Tazelaar

Fredricks

Seston

et al. 2013

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) in Tittabawassee River floodplain soils and biota downstream of Midland, Michigan, USA, are greater than regional background concentrations. From 2005 to 2008, a multiple lines of evidence approach was utilized to evaluate the potential for effects of PCDD/DFs on American robins (Turdus migratorius) breeding in the floodplains. A dietary-based assessment indicated there was potential for adverse effects for American robins predicted to have the greatest exposures. Conversely, a tissue-based risk assessment based on site-specific PCDD/DF concentrations in American robin eggs indicated minimal potential for adverse effects. An assessment based on reproductive endpoints indicated that measures of hatch success in study areas were significantly less than those of reference areas. However, there was no dose-response relationship between that endpoint and concentrations of PCDD/DF. Although dietary-based exposure and reproductive endpoint assessments predicted potential for adverse effects to resident American robins, the tissue-based assessment indicates minimal to no potential for adverse effects, which is reinforced by the fact the response was not dose related. It is likely that the dietary assessment is overly conservative given the inherent uncertainties of estimating dietary exposure relative to direct tissue-based assessment measures. Based on the available data, it can be concluded that exposure to PCDD/DFs in the Tittabawassee River floodplain would not likely result in adverse population-level effects to American robins. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1304-1316. # 2013 SETAC

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Productivity of American robins exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls, Housatonic River, Massachusetts, USA

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Exposure and Multiple Lines of Evidence Assessment of Risk for PCBs Found in the Diets of Passerine Birds at the Kalamazoo River Superfund Site, Michigan

Exposure and Multiple Lines of Evidence Assessment of Risk for PCBs Found in the Diets of Passerine Birds at the Kalamazoo River Superfund Site, Michigan

Dietary exposure of three passerine species to PCDD/DFs from the Chippewa, Tittabawassee, and Saginaw River floodplains, Midland, Michigan, USA

Multiple lines of evidence risk assessment of american robins exposed to polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFS) and polychlorinated dibenzo‐P‐dioxins (PCDDS) in the tittabawassee river floodplain, Midland, Michigan, Usa

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