Productivity Growth in Latin America Over the Long Run

Astorga, Pablo; Bergés, Ame R.; FitzGerald, Valpy

doi:10.1111/j.1475-4991.2011.00447.x

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The circa years of 1940 and 1980 correspond to inflexion points (preceding an acceleration in the first date, and levelling off in the second) in the first three variables (Astorga et al . 2005). This periodisation also follows a tradition of economic historians studying the region (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real Wages and Skill Premiums in Latin America, 1900-2011

Astorga

2017

RHE / JILAEH

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This paper discusses and documents a new data set of real wages for unskilled, semi-skilled and relatively skilled labour in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Venezuela (LA-6) over the period 1900-2011. Three interrelated aspects are examined: the wage growth record associated with periods dominated by a particular development strategy; developments in the wage share of income; and movements in skill premiums and their links with fundamentals. The key findings are: (i) the region’s unskilled wage rose by 147 per cent compared to rises of 254 per cent in the average wage and 440 per cent in income per worker (including both property and labour income); (ii) the average LA-6 wage share started a secular fall in the 1950s; (iii) skill premiums tended to peak during the middle decades of the 20thcentury, coinciding with the acceleration of industrialisation and the timing of the demographic transition. Movements in the terms of trade are broadly associated with both fluctuations and trends in wage premiums, though the direction of the link is country and time specific.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real Wages and Skill Premiums in Latin America, 1900-2011

Astorga

2017

RHE / JILAEH

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“…The low contribution of TFP to economic growth in the first decade of this century for Latin American Countries (LACs) has been documented in several studies (e.g. Pagés, ; Astorga et al, ; Ferreira et al, ). Furthermore, in the same decade R&D expenditures out of GDP, a key determinant of innovation has been very low relative to developed countries (World Economic Forum (WEF), ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Firms' Innovation, Public Financial Support, and Total Factor Productivity: The Case of Manufactures in Peru

Tello¹

2015

Review Development Economics

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Based upon an adjusted Crepon-Duguet-Mairesse (CDM) model, this paper analyzes the relationship between investment intensity, public financial support, innovation, and total factor productivity (TFP) for a sample of manufacturing firms of Peru with data obtained from the 2004 survey of science, technology, and innovation (STI) activities. The estimation of the model indicates that large firms are more likely to invest in STI activities and firms' size increases the probability of producing technological inovation (TI) and nontechnological innovation (NTI). STI firms' investment intensity and public financial support have also helped manufacturing firms to increase the probability of producing TI outcomes. Further, such support may have increased firms' investment on STI activities. The innovation effects on TFP, however, were statistically not clear or robust. Thus, whereas investment intensity did increase firms' TPF in low-tech manufacturing firms, this is not the case for high-tech firms. For this group of firms, relatively high capital-labor ratio and the availability of a high level of human capital seem to promote higher levels of TFP.

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“…After his work, many studies analyzed agricultural TFP and defined several causative factors including economies of scale (Thirtle et al 2008), research and development (R&D) activities (Alene 2010, Pratt et al 2009), human capital (Astorga et al 2011), soil quality (Jayasuriya 2003), and public facilities such as roads or irrigation and drainage facilities (Suphannachart & Warr 2010, Chen et al 2008. Salim and Islam (2010) considered climate change as a factor that affected TFP measured by the T-index and showed that the influence of long-term climate change on TFP in Australian agriculture was equivalent to that of R&D expenditures.…”

Section: Literature Review and Scientific Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluctuations in Rice Productivity Caused by Long and Heavy Rain Under Climate Change in Japan: Evidence from Panel Data Regression Analysis

Kunimitsu

Kudo

2015

JARQ

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The incidence of extreme rain is expected to increase with climate change and affect rice productivity in Japan. This study aims to evaluate the impacts of long and heavy rain on Japanese rice total-factor productivity (TFP) by estimating causality functions. We measured rice TFP by using the Törnqvist-Theil and Malmquist indexes for dependent variables and predicted, the influences of future temperature and rain on rice TFP by the causality function associated with crop models and a hydrological model based on climate projections from the global-climate model (GCM). The results initially showed no significant differences between Törnqvist-Theil and Malmquist indices in the effects of climate factors, although some differences emerged in the causality of socioeconomic factors. Second, the effects of rain were always negative, and absolute TFP elasticity against rain was lower than temperature via yield and quality, but poorly drained surface water as well as flooding reduced rice TFP by 2.5 to 4.5%. Third, changes in predicted rainfall under future climate change caused annual rice TFP to fluctuate, and an impact of rain on TFP fluctuations exceeded that of temperature via yield and quality. This is due to significant variations in annual rainfall, even though the measured elasticity against rain was low. Based on these findings, the implications for research and policy-making are discussed.

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Productivity Growth in Latin America Over the Long Run

Cited by 28 publications

References 39 publications

Real Wages and Skill Premiums in Latin America, 1900-2011

Real Wages and Skill Premiums in Latin America, 1900-2011

Firms' Innovation, Public Financial Support, and Total Factor Productivity: The Case of Manufactures in Peru

Fluctuations in Rice Productivity Caused by Long and Heavy Rain Under Climate Change in Japan: Evidence from Panel Data Regression Analysis

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