Productivity and quality of plant mass of meadow ASS: Danthonietum calycinae depending on the fertilization and utilization time

Abstract

Research was carried out on mountain Kopaonik, on two associations Danthonietum calycinae (1000 and 1500 m above sea level), in the period from year 2003 to 2004. Production of grassland depending on the fertilization (1. no fertilization, 2. N 60 P 30 K 30 , 3. N 80 P 30 K 30 , 4. N 100 P 30 K 30), and cutting schedule (I forming of panicles, II beginning of spike forming and III full spike forming) was monitored. Production of grassland and floristic composition demonstrated dynamic changes depending on the year, cutting schedule and applied fertilization treatments. The greatest production of grassland dry mass and crude proteins on both locations was obtained in late cutting, i.e. in the stage of full spike forming of dominant species and in fertilization treatment with N 80 P 30 K 30. Grassland was transformed by fertilization from ass. Danthonietum calycinae into ass. Festucetum rubrae on both locations.

Effect of Nitrogen Fertiliser and Lime on the Floristic Composition, Soil Microbes and Dry Matter Yield of Danthonietum calycinae Grassland

“…This significant increase was associated with high PK fertiliser application rates (60 kg ha -1 ) on the one hand, and with the increased amount of precipitation during the study year, particularly in April and May, on the other. Lazarević et al (2009) reported an increase in dry matter yield with increasing rates of nitrogen 60, 80 and 100 kg ha -1 , with no significance found for the increase from 80 to 100 kg ha -1 .…”

“…Among nutrients, nitrogen is the most frequently applied nutrient to grass dominated communities because of the high N requirement of grasses for growth and faster and the highest effect on yield (Le Bauer and Treseder, 2008). Favourable effects of nitrogen fertilisation on grassland yield in different grassland association were reported by Lazarević et al (2009) and Hrevusova et al (2015). However, the nitrogen application at high rates increase dry matter yield, but also can induce a number of negative economic and environmental effects (Acosta-Martinez and Tabatabai, 2000).…”

Productivity of natural grassland of the order Arrhenatheretalia depending on nitrogen fertilization level

“…In hilly and mountainous regions of the Republic of Serbia, natural grasslands are the most widespread meadow-pasture communities (Lazarević et al, 2009). According to the last agricultural census (2012) (RZS 2013), natural meadows and pastures are present on an area of 713 242 ha.…”