Productivity, and composition of smooth and meadow bromegrass mixtures with alfalfa under frequent cutting management

Pearen, J. R.; Baron, V. S.

doi:10.4141/cjps96-129

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Most research in western Canada has focussed on the benefits of fertilizer and grazing regimes on pasture productivity (eg., Pearen and Baron 1996). Little information exists, however, on the interactive role of soil moisture and defoliation treatments on herbage production in western Canada.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bromus-Poaresponse to defoliation intensity and frequency under three soil moisture levels

Donkor¹,

Bork²,

Hudson³

2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Smooth brome (Bromus inermis Leyss.) and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) are important herbage for livestock and wildlife in Aspen-Boreal ecosystems in central Alberta, but there is paucity of information on the relationship between soil moisture and defoliation regimes on herbage production in these ecosystems. In a greenhouse experiment, we evaluated the effect of Bromus-Poa defoliation frequencies (2 or 4 wk) and intensities (2.5, 7.5, or 15 cm above the soil surface) under three soil moisture regimes [field capacity (wet), 50% field capacity (moist), 20% field capacity (dry)] on dry matter (DM) yield. Crude protein (CP) content, crude protein yield (CPY) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were also determined for herbage harvested. Total accumulated shoot DM decreased under defoliation compared to the undefoliated control, was higher if plants were clipped every 4 wk, rather than 2 wk, and increased with increasing soil moisture availability. Defoliation regimes decreased root DM Compared to the undefoliated control. Soil moisture regime did not significantly affect below-ground DM production, but root:shoot ratio increased significantly with decreasing moisture supply. The average CP content of grasses ranged from 12 to 23%, but was adequate to meet crude protein requirements of growing, pregnant or lactating grazing cattle (Bos spp.) The CPY decreased with increasing moisture stress, and was greatest when plants were clipped at a 7.5-cm height. Shoot NDF concentration increased with decreasing clipping frequency. These result indicate the need to investigate the relationship between soil moisture and management practices that affect the productivity of tame pastures in Aspen-Boreal ecosystems. Key words: Bromus inermis, Poa pratensis, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, water

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confidence: 99%

Bromus-Poaresponse to defoliation intensity and frequency under three soil moisture levels

Donkor¹,

Bork²,

Hudson³

2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Numerous studies have demonstrated the effects of fertilizer, legumes, and defoliation on grasslands in western Canada (Johnston et al 1971;Smoliak et al 1972;Ukrainetz et al 1988;Pearen and Baron 1996;McCartney et al 1999). Most of these studies have taken place on nutrient rich soils in the Black Chernozemic soil zone, rather than the less fertile Gray Luvisolic soils of the Boreal Mixedwood where many commercial game ranching enterprises are located (McCartney et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Dynamics and Defoliation Impact on Herbage Yield in Aspen Boreal Habitats of Alberta

et al. 2003

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Within the aspen boreal ecosystems, little information exists on the seasonal dynamics of available herbage and the effects of varying defoliation regimes on accumulated herbage growth and associated opportunities for animal production. We examined seasonal changes in herbage phytomass in conjunction with defoliation treatments in Bromus inermis-Poa pratensis grasslands in central Alberta. Changes in herbage pools were examined by sampling at five monthly intervals from April to September 1997 and 1998, inclusive. Vegetation was also subjected to a factorial experiment with an initial defoliation in late-May, June or July, at heights of 2.5, 7.5, or 15 cm, and repeated at 3-, 6- or 9-week intervals until the end of September. Green herbage, standing dead and fallen litter increased from spring to summer and decreased from summer to fall. Average growing conditions resulted in a peak phytomass of 350 g m-2, and varied by year. Weathering losses of green herbage, standing dead and fallen litter over winter were 34%, 52% and 51%, respectively. Dry matter losses of total herbage (all three pools) over winter were 58% of 1997 summer green phytomass. Initial timing, height, and frequency of clipping all affected accumulated herbage yield (P < 0.001). The greatest accumulated herbage yield was from clipping initiated in May. Light clipping resulted in less phytomass accumulation relative to moderate and heavy clipping. Clipping frequencies of six and nine weeks resulted in similar phytomass removal, but were greater than herbage removal associated with three weeks frequency. The interaction between clipping date and frequency of clipping demonstrates the importance of temporal rest and sensitivity of forage plants to defoliation, and lends support to the use of rotational grazing systems.

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Section: Mots Clé S: Festuca Pratensis Bromus Riparius Trifolium Rementioning

confidence: 99%

“…was recently introduced into Canada (Knowles et al 1993) and is well adapted to western Canada (Pearen and Baron 1996). Meadow bromegrass regrowth has proven to be superior to that of other grasses, making this a valuable species in a rotational grazing system (McCaughey and Simons 1996;Pearen and Baron 1996).There is little information in eastern Canada on the behaviour of meadow fescue and meadow bromegrass, alone or in association with white clover, especially for regions with few growing degree-days such as midnorth-eastern Canada. The objective of the present study was to compare meadow fescue and meadow bromegrass, seeded in monoculture and in association with white clover, in a four-cut system.…”

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Comparison of meadow fescue and meadow bromegrass in monoculture and in association with white clover

Drapeau¹,

Bélanger²

2009

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Drapeau, R. and Be´langer, G. 2009. Comparison of meadow fescue and meadow bromegrass in monoculture and in association with white clover. Can. J. Plant Sci. 89: 1059Á1063. Meadow fescue and meadow bromegrass alone or with white clover were compared in a four-cut system in a region with less than 1400 growing degree-days. Cultivars of the two grass species did not affect yield. The annual yields of two grass species, alone or with white clover, were similar in the first production year, but in second and third production years, meadow bromegrass yielded more than meadow fescue. The persistence of white clover, alone or with a grass, was limited.Key words: Festuca pratensis, Bromus riparius, Trifolium repens, yield Drapeau, R. et Be´langer, G. 2009. Comparaison de la fe´tuque des pre´s et du brome des pre´s en monoculture et en association avec le tre`fle blanc. Can. J. Plant Sci. 89: 1059Á1063. La fe´tuque des pre´s et le brome des pre´s seules ou avec le tre`fle blanc ont e´te´compare´s sous un re´gime de quatre coupes dans une re´gion avec moins de 1400 degre´s-jours de croissance. Les cultivars des deux espe`ces de gramine´es, seules ou avec le tre`fle blanc, n'ont pas affecte´le rendement. Le rendement annuel des deux espe`ces de gramine´es seules ou avec le tre`fle blanc e´tait similaire en premie`re anne´e de production mais le rendement du brome des pre´s, au cours des deuxie`me et troisie`me anne´es de production, e´tait plus e´leve´que celui de la fe´tuque des pre´s. La persistance du tre`fle blanc, seul ou avec une gramine´e, a e´te´limite´e. Mots clé s: Festuca pratensis, Bromus riparius, Trifolium repens, rendementMeadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) is a forage grass that is widely adapted to the lowlands of central and northern Europe. In North America, meadow fescue is chiefly associated with intensive grazing systems (Casler et al. 1998). In Quebec, dry matter (DM) yields of associations of meadow fescue and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) with birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) were significantly lower than the DM yields of five other grass species (Chevrette et al. 1960). In Newfoundland, however, meadow fescue and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) in association with white clover (Trifolium repens L.) constituted the most productive mixture, with excellent persistence (McKenzie et al. 2005). Meadow bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehm.) was recently introduced into Canada (Knowles et al. 1993) and is well adapted to western Canada (Pearen and Baron 1996). Meadow bromegrass regrowth has proven to be superior to that of other grasses, making this a valuable species in a rotational grazing system (McCaughey and Simons 1996;Pearen and Baron 1996).There is little information in eastern Canada on the behaviour of meadow fescue and meadow bromegrass, alone or in association with white clover, especially for regions with few growing degree-days such as midnorth-eastern Canada. The objective of the present study was to compare meadow fescue and meadow bromegrass, seeded in monoculture and ...

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Productivity, and composition of smooth and meadow bromegrass mixtures with alfalfa under frequent cutting management

Abstract: For personal use only.

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Bromus-Poaresponse to defoliation intensity and frequency under three soil moisture levels

Bromus-Poaresponse to defoliation intensity and frequency under three soil moisture levels

Seasonal Dynamics and Defoliation Impact on Herbage Yield in Aspen Boreal Habitats of Alberta

Comparison of meadow fescue and meadow bromegrass in monoculture and in association with white clover

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