Production Optimization, Structural Analysis, and Prebiotic- and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Gluco-Oligosaccharides Produced by Leuconostoc lactis SBC001

Abstract

Leuconostoc lactis SBC001, isolated from chive, produces glucansucrase and synthesizes oligosaccharides through its enzymatic activity. This study was conducted to optimize oligosaccharide production using response surface methodology, analyze the structure of purified oligosaccharides, and investigate the prebiotic effect on 24 bacterial and yeast strains and the anti-inflammatory activity using RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The optimal conditions for oligosaccharide production were a culture temperature of 30 °C and sucrose and maltose concentrations of 9.6% and 7.4%, respectively. Based on 1H-NMR spectroscopic study, the oligosaccharides were identified as gluco-oligosaccharides that consisted of 23.63% α-1,4 glycosidic linkages and 76.37% α-1,6 glycosidic linkages with an average molecular weight of 1137 Da. The oligosaccharides promoted the growth of bacterial and yeast strains, including Lactobacillus plantarum, L. paracasei, L. johnsonii, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, L. rhamnosus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. When lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were treated with the oligosaccharides, the production of nitric oxide was decreased; the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 was suppressed; and the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway was inhibited. In conclusion, the gluco-oligosaccharides obtained from Leu. lactis SBC001 exhibited a prebiotic effect on six bacterial and yeast strains and anti-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.

Bacterial α-Glucan and Branching Sucrases from GH70 Family: Discovery, Structure–Function Relationship Studies and Engineering

“…Furthermore, Ln. lactis SBC001 was used to produce gluco oligosaccharides showing prebiotic and anti-inflammatory properties by fermentation on sucrose and maltose-rich medium [ 34 ]. Moreover, GSs produced by species from different genera including Pediococcus , Weisella and Oenococcus sp.…”

“…In addition, they are rather promiscuous and catalyze transglucosylation from sucrose onto a broad range of acceptors (sugars or unnatural hydroxylated molecules), the recognition and efficiency of the reaction being dependent on the enzyme selectivity [ 26 , 27 ]. These properties are exploited to produce functional oligosaccharides [ 28 ] in particular isomaltooligosaccharides [ 29 ], oligoalternans (oligosaccharides with alternating α-1,6 and α-1,3 linkages) [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ], oligoreuterans with α-1,6 and α-1,4 linkages [ 34 ] or α-1,2 branched gluco oligosaccharides [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ] commercialized under the brand name BioEcolans ® (Solabia) for food, healthcare or cosmetic applications. Furthermore, GSs and BRSs can also be used to produce glucoderivatives such as flavonoid glucosides [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ] or glyco-co-polymers [ 44 , 45 ].…”

Discovery of a New Microbial Origin Cold-Active Neopullulanase Capable for Effective Conversion of Pullulan to Panose

“…The U/mg means enzymatic activity per milligram of protein, also known as specific enzymatic activity. 1 For the determination of substrate specificity, purified Amy117 was incubated in sodium phosphate buffer (50 mM, pH 7.0) at 30 • C with different substrates (1%, w/v); 2 N.D., no activity detected.…”

“…Functional oligosaccharides are widely used in the food industry [1]. Panose is a trisaccharide which is composed of a maltose molecule bonded to a glucose molecule through an α-1, 6-glycosidic bond and has the potential to be used as a functional oligosaccharide in the food industry.…”

Immunostimulatory Activity of Synbiotics Using Lactococcus lactis SG-030 and Glucooligosaccharides from Weissella cibaria YRK005

“…Real-time PCR was performed by using LightCycler ® 96 (Roche) and FastStart Essential DNA Green Master kit (Roche). The sequences of primers (Table S1) and PCR conditions for the analysis of mRNA expression (Table S2) were described in a previous study [21]. In addition, the relative gene expression levels were analyzed using the 2 −ddCT method.…”