Production of wax esters in the wild oil species Lepidium campestre

Ivarson, Emelie; Iven, Tim; Ahlman, Annelie; Cai, Yingqi; Chapman, Kent D.; Feußner, Ivo; Zhu, Lu

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.07.002

Cited by 16 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Application of tissue-specific RNA-seq and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) has previously revealed heterogeneous distributions of lipid meta bolites and gene transcripts involved in lipid metabolism across different seed tissues, reflecting an underappreciated spatial regulation to oilseed lipid metabolism (21,(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45). Here, jojoba seeds were demonstrated to compartmentalize WEs and express genes involved in storage lipid synthesis in a tissue-specific manner.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

The genome of jojoba ( Simmondsia chinensis ): A taxonomically isolated species that directs wax ester accumulation in its seeds

Sturtevant

Zhou

et al. 2020

Sci. Adv.

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Seeds of the desert shrub, jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis), are an abundant, renewable source of liquid wax esters, which are valued additives in cosmetic products and industrial lubricants. Jojoba is relegated to its own taxonomic family, and there is little genetic information available to elucidate its phylogeny. Here, we report the high-quality, 887-Mb genome of jojoba assembled into 26 chromosomes with 23,490 protein-coding genes. The jojoba genome has only the whole-genome triplication (γ) shared among eudicots and no recent duplications. These genomic resources coupled with extensive transcriptome, proteome, and lipidome data helped to define heterogeneous pathways and machinery for lipid synthesis and storage, provided missing evolutionary history information for this taxonomically segregated dioecious plant species, and will support efforts to improve the agronomic properties of jojoba.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

The genome of jojoba ( Simmondsia chinensis ): A taxonomically isolated species that directs wax ester accumulation in its seeds

Sturtevant

Zhou

et al. 2020

Sci. Adv.

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“…Seeds were washed with buffer (2×) and thin hand sections of the IC, OC, and EA were taken from both seed lines and stained with fluorophore BODIPY 493/503 (2 μg ml −1 ; Thermo Fisher Scientific, https://www.thermofisher.com). Confocal images of each tissue type were taken using a Zeiss LSM710 confocal laser scanning microscope (Carl Zeiss Microscopy, https://www.zeiss.com) with a ×63 magnification objective, a resolution of 1024 pixels × 1024 pixels and pinhole size of 62.2 AU, and the master gain was set to approximately 750 (Cai et al ., ; Ivarson et al ., ). Fluorescence area was calculated using ImageJ software (Schneider et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spatial analysis of lipid metabolites and expressed genes reveals tissue‐specific heterogeneity of lipid metabolism in high‐ and low‐oil Brassica napus L. seeds

Sturtevant

Aziz

et al. 2018

The Plant Journal

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Despite the importance of oilseeds to worldwide human nutrition, and more recently to the production of bio-based diesel fuels, the detailed mechanisms regulating seed oil biosynthesis remain only partly understood, especially from a tissue-specific perspective. Here, we investigated the spatial distributions of lipid metabolites and transcripts involved in oil biosynthesis from seeds of two low-erucic acid genotypes of Brassica napus with high and low seed-oil content. Integrated results from matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) of lipids in situ, lipidome profiling of extracts from seed tissues, and tissue-specific transcriptome analysis revealed complex spatial distribution patterns of lipids and transcripts. In general, it appeared that many triacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine species distributed heterogeneously throughout the embryos. Tissue-specific transcriptome analysis identified key genes involved in de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in plastid, triacylglycerols assembly and lipid droplet packaging in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that may contribute to the high or low oil phenotype and heterogeneity of lipid distribution. Our results imply that transcriptional regulation represents an important means of impacting lipid compartmentalization in oil seeds. While much information remains to be learned about the intricacies of seed oil accumulation and distribution, these studies highlight the advances that come from evaluating lipid metabolism within a spatial context and with multiple omics level datasets.

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“…These results show that a direction of WE biosynthesis to seed plastids can be used as a tool to alter substrate availability for tailor-made WE production. This approach can be used as an alternative to overexpression or downregulation/knocking out of fatty acid modifying enzymes, which was done in the past to alter substrate availability (Heilmann et al, 2012;Ivarson et al, 2017;Iven et al, 2016;Ruiz-Lopez et al, 2017;Yu et al, 2018;Zhu et al, 2016). In favor with this new approach, we did not observe a signi cant reduction in WE amounts when directing WE biosynthesis from the cytosol to seed plastids (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Interestingly, expression of different enzyme combinations in the high oleic acid mutant fad2 fae1 (Kunst et al, 1992;Okuley et al, 1994) resulted in more than 60 mol% 18:1/18:1 (alcohol moiety/acyl moiety) WE (Heilmann et al, 2012;Iven et al, 2016;Yu et al, 2018). Likewise, the expression of fatty acid elongases in combination with WE producing enzymes led to the synthesis of longer WE in B. carinata, C. sativa and L. campestre (Ivarson et al, 2017;Zhu et al, 2016). Shorter WE were generated in C. sativa upon co-expression of a 14:0 ACP thioesterase (Ruiz-Lopez et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastidial Wax Ester Biosynthesis As A Tool To Synthesize Shorter And More Saturated Wax Esters

Vollheyde

Hornung

Herrfurth

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Wax esters (WE) are neutral lipids that consist of a fatty alcohol esterified to a fatty acid. WE are valuable feedstocks in industry for producing lubricants, coatings and cosmetics. They can be produced chemically from fossil fuel or plant derived triacylglycerol. As fossil fuel resources are finite, the synthesis of WE in transgenic plants may serve as an alternative source. As chain length and desaturation degree of the alcohol and acyl moieties determine the physicochemical properties of WE and their field of application, a tightly controlled tailor-made WE synthesis in plants is aimed for. Here, we report the generation of ten combinations of WE producing transgenes expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. In order to study their suitability for WE production in planta, we analyzed WE amount and synthesized WE species in the transgenic plants.Results: The transgenes consisted of different combinations of a fatty acyl-CoA/ACP reductase (FAR) and two wax synthases/acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol O-acyltransferases (WSD) namely WSD2 and WSD5 from the bacterium Marinobacter aquaeoleoi. We generated constructs with and without plastidial transit peptides to access diverse alcohol and acyl substrate pools within A. thaliana. We observed WE formation with plastid and cytosol-localized FAR and WSD in seeds. A comparative WE analysis revealed the production of shorter and more saturated WE by plastid-localized WE biosynthesis compared to cytosolic WE synthesis.Conclusions: A shift of WE formation into seed plastids is a suitable approach for tailor-made WE production and can be used to synthesize WE mainly derived from mid and long chain saturated and monounsaturated substrates.

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Production of wax esters in the wild oil species Lepidium campestre

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

The genome of jojoba ( Simmondsia chinensis ): A taxonomically isolated species that directs wax ester accumulation in its seeds

The genome of jojoba ( Simmondsia chinensis ): A taxonomically isolated species that directs wax ester accumulation in its seeds

Spatial analysis of lipid metabolites and expressed genes reveals tissue‐specific heterogeneity of lipid metabolism in high‐ and low‐oil Brassica napus L. seeds

Plastidial Wax Ester Biosynthesis As A Tool To Synthesize Shorter And More Saturated Wax Esters

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