Production of titania nanoparticles by using a new microreactor assembled with same axle dual pipe

Takagi, Michiya; Maki, Taisuke; Miyahara, Minoru; Mae, Kazuhiro

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2003.11.011

Cited by 122 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…16 Only recently some detailed studies on the effect of mixing on particle formation processes have appeared in the literature. 17,18 Results show that to properly control the final particle characteristics it is essential to control mixing, and this can be done by employing various types of reactors, such as a concentric microreactor, 19 a rotating spinning disk reactor, 20 a confined impinging jet reactor, 21 or a vortex reactor. 22 Moreover only in recent years sophisticated and reliable computational tools, such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mixing and Other Operating Parameters in Sol−Gel Processes

Marchisio

Omegna

Barresi

et al. 2008

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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In this work the effect of mixing on a sol-gel process is quantitatively investigated. Titanium dioxide synthesis from titanium tetra-isopropoxide is used as a test reaction. Solutions of titanium alkoxide in isopropyl alcohol and water in isopropyl alcohol are mixed in a special mixing device (i.e., vortex reactor) at different mixing rates, and the effect of mixing is quantified and compared with the effect of the other relevant operating parameters, namely the water to alkoxide, acid to alkoxide ratios, and alkoxide initial concentration. Dynamic light scattering, specific surface area measurement through nitrogen adsorption, X-ray diffraction, and field emission scanning electron microscopy are employed to determine particle size distribution, morphology, and crystallite size of the different particulate products (i.e., sols, gels, powders) obtained before and after thermal treatments under different synthesis conditions. A factorial design is used to plan the experimental campaign and results show that the role of mixing cannot be neglected. Moreover results show that mixing can be actively used to control the final product characteristics and must be taken into account when a process is transferred from the laboratory to the industrial scale. Eventually a scale-up criterion based on our previous work will be discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mixing and Other Operating Parameters in Sol−Gel Processes

Marchisio

Omegna

Barresi

et al. 2008

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…To overcome these problems in single tubing microfluidic reactor, a microfluidic device was developed by the assembly of coaxial dual tubes (Figure 13a). [221] Hassan et al [222] synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles from the reaction of an aqueous solution of iron chloride with a basic solution of NaOH, NH 4 OH, or tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAOH). They used a coaxial flow microreactor which consists of two tubular reactors coaxially arranged to contact the two solutions ( Figure 13b).…”

Section: Coaxial Flow Microreactormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While injection of O 2 and CO resulted in orange dispersion of crystalline iron (III) MNPs with a crystalline structure corresponding to feroxyhyte, in the form of nanoflakes and hexagonal nanoplates, respectively. [221] Copyright 2004, Elsevier. b) Reproduced with permission.…”

Section: Gas-liquid or Liquid-liquid Microreactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Functionalization, and Design of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Theranostic Applications

Mosayebi

Kiyasatfar

Laurent

2017

Adv Healthcare Materials

193

171

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In order to translate nanotechnology into medical practice, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been presented as a class of non‐invasive nanomaterials for numerous biomedical applications. In particular, MNPs have opened a door for simultaneous diagnosis and brisk treatment of diseases in the form of theranostic agents. This review highlights the recent advances in preparation and utilization of MNPs from the synthesis and functionalization steps to the final design consideration in evading the body immune system for therapeutic and diagnostic applications with addressing the most recent examples of the literature in each section. This study provides a conceptual framework of a wide range of synthetic routes classified mainly as wet chemistry, state‐of‐the‐art microfluidic reactors, and biogenic routes, along with the most popular coating materials to stabilize resultant MNPs. Additionally, key aspects of prolonging the half‐life of MNPs via overcoming the sequential biological barriers are covered through unraveling the biophysical interactions at the bio–nano interface and giving a set of criteria to efficiently modulate MNPs' physicochemical properties. Furthermore, concepts of passive and active targeting for successful cell internalization, by respectively exploiting the unique properties of cancers and novel targeting ligands are described in detail. Finally, this study extensively covers the recent developments in magnetic drug targeting and hyperthermia as therapeutic applications of MNPs. In addition, multi‐modal imaging via fusion of magnetic resonance imaging, and also innovative magnetic particle imaging with other imaging techniques for early diagnosis of diseases are extensively provided.

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“…IJR is a particularly useful device to use in the synthesis of NPs since it does not clog because of absence of channel walls. Fouling is particularly problematic in microfluidic devices since their small dimensions make them potentially vulnerable to blockage, and various strategies in the literature have been used to avoid fouling such as segmented flow [24], coaxial flow [20,25], and surface silanization [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using a Microfluidic Impinging Jet Reactor

Baber¹,

Mazzei²,

Thanh³

et al. 2016

J Flow Chem

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Synthesis of silver nanoparticles (NPs) in an impinging jet reactor (IJR) was investigated due to its unique properties of efficient mixing and lack of channel walls which avoid fouling. Silver NPs were formed at room temperature by reducing silver nitrate with sodium borohydride in the presence of sodium hydroxide. Two types of ligand were used to stabilize the NPs, trisodium citrate, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Weber number, the ratio between inertial forces and surface tension forces, is used to characterize flow in impinging jets. Flow regimes were investigated for Weber numbers in the range of 13-176. A liquid sheet/chain regime was identified at lower Weber numbers (<90), and an unstable rim structure was identified at higher Weber numbers (>90). Mixing time was found to be in the range 1-7 ms, using the Villermaux-Dushman reaction system and interaction by exchange with the mean mixing (IEM) model. Fastest mixing occurred at Weber number ca. 90. Using trisodium citrate as a ligand, NP size decreased from 7.9 ± 5.8 nm to 3.4 ± 1.4 nm when flow rate was increased from 32 mL/min to 72 mL/min using 0.5 mm jets, and from 6.4 ± 3.4 nm to 5.1 ± 4.6 nm when flow rate was increased from 20 mL/min to 32 mL/min using 0.25 mm jets. Using PVA as a ligand, NP size decreased from 5.4 ± 1.6 nm to 4.2 ± 1.1 nm using 0.5 mm jets and stayed relatively constant between 4.3 ± 1 nm and 4.7 ± 1.3 nm using 0.25 mm jets. In general, the size of the NPs decreased when mixing was faster.

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Production of titania nanoparticles by using a new microreactor assembled with same axle dual pipe

Cited by 122 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of Mixing and Other Operating Parameters in Sol−Gel Processes

Effect of Mixing and Other Operating Parameters in Sol−Gel Processes

Synthesis, Functionalization, and Design of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Theranostic Applications

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using a Microfluidic Impinging Jet Reactor

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