Production of Synthetic Seeds in Vegetable Crops: A Review

Abbas, Majeed Kadhim; Mahood, Huda E.; Alhasan, Ali Sabah

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1060/1/012099

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…The main potential advantages of this method are related to the production of large amounts of propagules in a short period of time, maintenance of clonal identity, direct seeding in the field, eliminating the need for expensive acclimatization structures, such as seed trays and nurseries, the low cost per plant, and the possibility of long-term storage (Utomo et al, 2008). Various vegetable crops have been encapsulated to produce artificial seeds (for review see Abbas;Mahood;Alhasan, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance to desiccation and production of encapsulated units of gabiroba (Campomanesia adamantium) seeds

Braga

Silva

Dias

et al. 2023

PCC&M

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Campomanesia adamantium is a Brazilian Cerrado fruit crop species that presents a recalcitrant behavior, which compromises the viability of its seeds. Due to this seed feature, the objective of this study was to evaluate the preservation capacity of the species by the use of synthetic seeds. Two seed lots were maintained in a ventilation oven regulated at 30 °C for 30, 60, 120, 240 and 960 min, and then compared with the fresh seeds (control). After drying, the lots were evaluated according to the germination rate, emergence speed index (ESI), initial time, final time and mean time of germination, synchrony, relative frequency, germination speed and seed vigor. For the production of encapsulated units, 3 complexation times (15, 20 and 30 min) and 5 concentrations of sodium alginate (0, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 g) were evaluated, with 3 replicates. For both experiments, Sisvar software was used, and the means were compared by Tukey test at 5%. Seed quality was compromised by desiccation, as the ESI decreases with increasing desiccation time. Regarding synchrony, there was no significant difference among the treatments, whereas for germination time, fresh seeds started and finished the process faster than the others, and the germination time increased as the drying treatments time increases. The emergence rate of fresh seeds was much higher than those exposed to desiccation. For synthetic seeds, the best complexation time was 20 min for 1.5, 2 and 3 g alginate, reaching 100% of the germinated encapsulated units.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance to desiccation and production of encapsulated units of gabiroba (Campomanesia adamantium) seeds

Braga

Silva

Dias

et al. 2023

PCC&M

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“…When it is not possible to store seeds, the in vitro method allows for the preservation of endangered or valuable plant material via plant tissue cultures of valuable individuals, in addition to their regeneration and reintroduction to the natural environment [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. For agricultural species, artificial seeds are produced by encapsulating somatic embryos, shoot tips, or any other micropropagule which has the ability to convert into a plant in vitro or ex vitro [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful In Vitro Shoot Multiplication of Quercus robur L. Trees Aged up to 800 Years

Chmielarz

Kotlarski

Kalemba

et al. 2023

Plants

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The conservation of the genetic resources of old trees is crucial to their ecological role but is extremely difficult, especially for oak species (Quercus spp.) displaying recalcitrance in seed and vegetative propagation methods. Our study aimed to assess the regenerative potential of Quercus robur trees of different ages (up to 800 years) during micropropagation. We also aimed to determine how in vitro conditions can influence in vitro regeneration responses. Lignified branches collected from 67 selected trees were cultivated ex vitro in culture pots at 25 °C to obtain epicormic shoots (explant sources). The explants were cultivated on an agar medium supplemented with 0.8 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) for at least 21 months. In a second experiment, two different shoot multiplication conditions (temporary immersion—RITA® bioreactor and agar medium) and two culture medium formulations (Woody Plant Medium and modified Quoirin and Lepoivre medium) were tested. The results showed that the mean length of the epicormic shoots obtained in a pot culture was a function of donor age and was similar among the group of younger trees (ca. 20–200 years), and varied between older trees (ca. 300–800 years). The efficiency of in vitro shoot multiplication strictly depended on the genotype. A sustainable in vitro culture (defined as survival after 6 months) was only possible for half of the tested old donor trees, even when they survived the first month of in vitro growth. A continuous monthly increase in the number of in vitro cultured shoots was reported in younger oaks and in some old oaks. We found a significant effect of the culture system and the macro- and micronutrient composition on in vitro shoot growth. This is the first report demonstrating that the in vitro culture can be successfully applied to the propagation of even 800-year-old pedunculate oak trees.

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Synthetic seeds for in vitro preservation of Asparagus officinalis L.

2023

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Background Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) is a perennial vegetable of economic importance for its high nutritional and medicinal value. Male plants are more desirable because of their higher spear yield. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the gibberellin inhibitors; paclobutrazol (PBZ) and cycocel (CCC) for in vitro preservation by encapsulation of in vitro-derived shoot tips of the superior germplasm of the first generation of asparagus male hybrid; cultivar Mary Washington 500W. Methods An efficient technique for synthetic seeds production was achieved, consisting of 3% (w/v) Na-alginate dissolved in water, Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, MS medium with the growth inhibitors; PBZ and CCC at different concentrations, and 0.1 M calcium chloride (CaCl2.2H2O). Synthetic seeds were stored at 4 ℃ and then cultured after different storage durations (0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 weeks) on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg l−1 kinetin, 0.2 mg l−1 naphthalene acetic acid and 0.5 mg l−1 gibberellic acid for shoot tip multiplication; then, recovered shoots were transferred to MS medium supplemented with 1 mg l−1 indole butyric acid and 0.5 mg l−1 PBZ for rooting. Results The beads containing 1 mg l−1 PBZ considered the optimum for producing complete well-developed plantlets of Asparagus officinalis from recovered shoot tips after 24 weeks of storage that successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse. Conclusions This protocol is efficient for in vitro preservation by encapsulation of shoot tips and regeneration of Asparagus officinalis F1 male hybrid (Mary Washington 500w), using anti-gibberellin plant growth regulators within the beads to prolong the duration of storage and provide a continuous supply of the plant.

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Production of Synthetic Seeds in Vegetable Crops: A Review

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

Tolerance to desiccation and production of encapsulated units of gabiroba (Campomanesia adamantium) seeds

Tolerance to desiccation and production of encapsulated units of gabiroba (Campomanesia adamantium) seeds

Successful In Vitro Shoot Multiplication of Quercus robur L. Trees Aged up to 800 Years

Synthetic seeds for in vitro preservation of Asparagus officinalis L.

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