Production of Sodium Hypochlorite Water Disinfectant from Seawater Desalination Brine

Abstract

he research explores the onsite generation (OSG) of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) from desalination brine in Gaza, Palestine. The process produces NaOCl as a valuable water disinfectant and contributes to marine environment protection and public health by reducing brine discharged to the sea. Batch experiments were used to examined the characteristics of producing NaOCl studying five factors viz. electrolysis time, current density, electrode type, electrode spacing and stability of the produced NaOCl. The highest NaOCl concentration was 2.17%, achieved with graphite electrodes 1.3 cm diameter, with 1cm electrodes spacing, 120 min electrolysis time, 180 mA/cm2 current density and 25 ± 2 ºC solution temperature. The NaOCl degradation rate was 1.8% and 10% daily when stored in dark places or exposed to direct sunlight, respectively. Thus, it is recommended to store NaOCl in dark places to minimize its degradation. The present study suggests the OSG of NaOCl as a promising alternative for brine management in Gaza and worldwide.