Production of Slime Substance in Mixed Cultures of Rhodopseudomonas capsulatus and Azotobacter vinelandii

Okuda, Azuma; Kobayashi, Michiharu

doi:10.1038/1921207a0

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Rakhman (1958) found that S. aureus decreased the toxicity of diptheria bacilli when grown together in mixed cultures, and Arndt and Ritts (1961) demonstrated a synergistic relationship between S. aureus and Proteus vulgaris, in that the virulence of the latter organism was greatly enhanced in mice by staphylococci or their extracts. Okuda and Kobayashi (1961) demonstrated that mixed cultures of Rhodopseudomonas capsulatus and Azotobacter vinelandii produced profuse quantities of slime substances not found in either pure culture, accompanied by a 12-fold increase in nitrogen fixation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sensitivity of Mixed Populations of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli to Mercurials

Stutzenberger¹,

Bennett²

1965

Applied Microbiology

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STUTZENBERGER, F. J. (University of Houston, Houston, Tex.), AND E. 0. BENNETT. Sensitivity of mixed populations of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli to mercurials. Appl. Microbiol. 13:570-574.1965.-Staphylococcus aureus was found to have a higher resistance to merbromin and mercuric chloride in the presence of Escherichia coli. The protective effect of the gram-negative organism on S. aureus was due to the production of extracellular glutathione and hydrogen sulfide and to an unequal distribution of the inhibitor between the two species. S. aureus did not significantly influence the resistance of E. coli to mercurials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sensitivity of Mixed Populations of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli to Mercurials

Stutzenberger¹,

Bennett²

1965

Applied Microbiology

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“…Similarly, absolute anaerobic bacteria in stem BNF are proposed to have collaborated with aerobic bacteria to some extent. Co-cultures of N fixer and aerobic heterotrophs were therefore reported to enhance N-fixing activities (Okuda and Kobayashi, 1961 ). Also, a bacterial consortium, consisting of both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, was suggested to create an anaerobic microsite that favors anaerobic N fixation in the plant (Minamisawa et al, 2004 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic Variation of Endophytic Nitrogen-Fixing Activity and Bacterial Flora in Rice Stem Based on Sugar Content

et al. 2021

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Enhancement of the nitrogen-fixing ability of endophytic bacteria in rice is expected to result in improved nitrogen use under low-nitrogen conditions. Endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria require a large amount of energy to fix atmospheric nitrogen. However, it is unknown which carbon source and bacteria would affect nitrogen-fixing activity in rice. Therefore, this study examined genotypic variations in the nitrogen-fixing ability of rice plant stem as affected by non-structural carbohydrates and endophytic bacterial flora in field-grown rice. In the field experiments, six varieties and 10 genotypes of rice were grown in 2017 and 2018 to compare the acetylene reduction activity (nitrogen-fixing activity) and non-structural carbohydrates (glucose, sucrose, and starch) concentration in their stems at the heading stage. For the bacterial flora analysis, two genes were amplified using a primer set of 16S rRNA and nitrogenase (NifH) gene-specific primers. Next, acetylene reduction activity was correlated with sugar concentration among genotypes in both years, suggesting that the levels of soluble sugars influenced stem nitrogen-fixing activity. Bacterial flora analysis also suggested the presence of common and genotype-specific bacterial flora in both 16S rRNA and nifH genes. Similarly, bacteria classified as rhizobia, such as Bradyrhizobium sp. (Alphaproteobacteria) and Paraburkholderia sp. (Betaproteobacteria), were highly abundant in all rice genotypes, suggesting that these bacteria make major contributions to the nitrogen fixation process in rice stems. Gammaproteobacteria were more abundant in CG14 as well, which showed the highest acetylene reduction activity and sugar concentration among genotypes and is also proposed to contribute to the higher amount of nitrogen-fixing activity.

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“…vinelal/dii co-existed, molecular nitrogen was fixed much more than in each pure culture and many slime substances (polysaccharides, muco-polysaccharides etc.) were produced (2). In order to study symbiotic nitrogen fixation between the two microorganisms, first, the nature of the cell wall of both bacteria has to be known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen fixing microorganisms in paddy soils XII

Okuda

Kobayashi

Onodera

et al. 1964

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Production of Slime Substance in Mixed Cultures of Rhodopseudomonas capsulatus and Azotobacter vinelandii

Cited by 17 publications

References 1 publication

Sensitivity of Mixed Populations of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli to Mercurials

Sensitivity of Mixed Populations of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli to Mercurials

Genotypic Variation of Endophytic Nitrogen-Fixing Activity and Bacterial Flora in Rice Stem Based on Sugar Content

Nitrogen fixing microorganisms in paddy soils XII

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