Production of Renewable Hydrogen by Reformation of Biofuels

Panagiotopoulou, Paraskevi; Papadopoulou, Christina; Matralis, H.; Verykios, Xenophon E.

doi:10.1002/9781118957844.ch9

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…Reaction (1) can be also applied as an alternative route for the utilization of biogas (a mixture primarily comprised of CH 4 and CO 2 within the following composition: CH 4 = 50-70 %, CO 2 = 25-50 %) produced via anaerobic fermentation or digestion of mostly waste materials [1,7,13,16]. DRM has been investigated over a variety of metal catalysts, including Ni [5,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], Pt [2,18,26,27], Rh [8,17,[26][27][28][29][30], Ru [26,27,31,32], Pd [17,26,27,33], Co [26,28] and Ir [26,27,34,35], supported on oxide (e.g., Al 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 , CeO 2 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 ,) or mixed oxide supports (e.g., La 2 O 3 -SiO 2 , ZrO 2 -SiO 2 , PrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diminishing fossil resources, in combination with restrictions concerning gas emissions, dictate the development of economically efficient clean energy technologies with minimum environmental impact [1,2]. The use of H 2 as an energy carrier has been proposed as a solution to the global environmental problem related to the greenhouse effect, especially in combination with fuel cell technologies and distributed power generation schemes [1,3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of H 2 as an energy carrier has been proposed as a solution to the global environmental problem related to the greenhouse effect, especially in combination with fuel cell technologies and distributed power generation schemes [1,3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dry Reforming of Methane: Catalytic Performance and Stability of Ir Catalysts Supported on γ-Al2O3, Zr0.92Y0.08O2−δ (YSZ) or Ce0.9Gd0.1O2−δ (GDC) Supports

et al. 2015

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The impact of the support on the Ir-catalyzed dry (CO 2 ) reforming of methane (DRM) reaction is explored in the present study. With this aim, supported iridium catalysts Ir/c-Al 2 O 3 , Ir/YSZ and Ir/GDC with 1 wt% iridium loading, using c-Al 2 O 3 , 8 mol% Y 2 O 3 stabilized ZrO 2 (YSZ: Zr 0.92 Y 0.08 O 2-d ) and 10 mol% Gd 2 O 3 doped CeO 2 (GDC: Ce 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 2-d ) as supports were comparatively studied in the temperature range of 400-850°C. The feasibility of tuning the catalytic performance and/or stability of the Ir active phase during DRM reaction, via support-induced interactions, was investigated. All catalysts were found to be extremely active and stable over time on stream. No significant effects induced by the support were observed at the high operating temperature of DRM. However, opposite to Ir/cAl 2 O 3 and Ir/YSZ samples, Ir/GDC provides the benefit to be stable in oxidation steps and/or oxidation-reduction cycles. This is of significant practical importance since such treatment procedures are often used in practice for catalysts regeneration. Besides catalytic performance measurements, extended hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction experiments, supported further by transmission electron microscopy characterization studies were carried out in order to reveal the impact of the support on the aforementioned stability and its origin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dry Reforming of Methane: Catalytic Performance and Stability of Ir Catalysts Supported on γ-Al2O3, Zr0.92Y0.08O2−δ (YSZ) or Ce0.9Gd0.1O2−δ (GDC) Supports

et al. 2015

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“…Unfortunately, fermentation process is very slow and more energy and/or catalysts have to be used for feasible industrial and domestic reactions. While energy demand is on the rise due to increased human needs, bio-chemical reaction catalysts are rare and expensive (Panagiotopoulou et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Similarities Between Five Indigenous Bio-Catalyst Extracts used by Several Communities in Kenya

Chaka

Aloys

Magu

2020

ESJ

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Commercial fermentation additives are quite expensive leading to increased production costs. Several communities in Kenya have continuously enjoyed fast saccharification of biomass during cooking and fermentation of porridge and ethanol using bio-catalysts. Infusion of these bio-catalysts into modern-day science is crucial in optimization of yields and reduction of production costs in food, alcohol, pharmaceuticals and energy industries. This study aimed at characterizing five extracts (Terminalia b., Acanthaceae spp., Osyris lanceolata, Santaraseae spp. and Kigelia africana) for possible similarities in physical-chemical parameters, elemental composition and ionic stability. Water extracts were preferred as natively done by these communities. Wet chemistry was used for physical-chemistry parameters and elemental composition while spectroscopy was used to analyze presence of bio-metals, functional groups, conjugation and ligands present. Lab simulation studies were conducted to evaluate ionic stabilities. The results indicated the samples had similar pH, conductivity and volatile solids with slight variations in alkalinity and fatty acids. There were similarities in the functional group peaks and conjugation patterns. The ions of Cu(OH)2, Fe(OH) 2+ , ZnOH + , Cr(OH) 2+ and Co 2+ were found to be dominant in all biocatalyst extracts. Terminalia b. and Osyris lanceolata were found to have relatively higher sulfate, phosphate levels while nitrate levels were similar in all the samples except for Terminalia b. biocatalysts. These compounds extracted from these herbs can be commercialized for industrial fermentation processes.

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Operando monitoring of metal sites and coke evolution during non-oxidative and oxidative ethanol steam reforming over Ni and NiCu ex-hydrotalcite catalysts

et al. 2019

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Production of Renewable Hydrogen by Reformation of Biofuels

Cited by 7 publications

References 136 publications

Dry Reforming of Methane: Catalytic Performance and Stability of Ir Catalysts Supported on γ-Al2O3, Zr0.92Y0.08O2−δ (YSZ) or Ce0.9Gd0.1O2−δ (GDC) Supports

Dry Reforming of Methane: Catalytic Performance and Stability of Ir Catalysts Supported on γ-Al2O3, Zr0.92Y0.08O2−δ (YSZ) or Ce0.9Gd0.1O2−δ (GDC) Supports

Analysis of Similarities Between Five Indigenous Bio-Catalyst Extracts used by Several Communities in Kenya

Operando monitoring of metal sites and coke evolution during non-oxidative and oxidative ethanol steam reforming over Ni and NiCu ex-hydrotalcite catalysts

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