Production of Prebiotic Xylooligosaccharides via Dilute Maleic Acid-Mediated Xylan Hydrolysis Using an RSM-Model-Based Optimization Strategy

Abstract

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are functional feed additives that are attracting growing commercial interest owing to their excellent ability to modulate the composition of the gut microbiota. The acid hydrolysis-based processing of xylan-containing materials has been proposed to represent a cost-effective approach to XOS preparation, with organic acids being preferable in this context. As such, in the present study, maleic acid was selected as a mild, edible organic acid for use in the hydrolysis of xylan to produce XOS. A response surface methodology (RSM) approach with a central composite design was employed to optimize maleic acid-mediated XOS production, resulting in a yield of 50.3% following a 15 min treatment with 0.08% maleic acid at 168°C. Under these conditions, the desired XOS degree of polymerization (2-3) was successfully achieved, demonstrating the viability of this using a low acid dose and a high reaction temperature to expedite the production of desired functional products. Moreover, as maleic acid is a relatively stable carboxylic acid, it has the potential to be recycled. These results suggest that dilute maleic acid-based thermal treatment of corncob-derived xylan can achieve satisfactory XOS yields, highlighting a promising and cost-effective approach to XOS production.

Glutamic acid assisted hydrolysis strategy for preparing prebiotic xylooligosaccharides

“…Therefore, too high values of both the two variables would lead to a decline in XOS yield and an increase in xylose yield. This phenomenon is in good agreement with the previous literature ( 23 ). Additionally, similar observations also could be observed in Figures 3B , C , which revealed the interaction effects of reaction temperature and hydrolysis period, as well as GluA concentration and hydrolysis period on XOS yield.…”

“…Different from mineral acids, organic acids are generally weak acids and have desirable features of less equipment corrosiveness and fewer byproducts, which are more preferable for producing XOS with a higher yield (17, 21). Theoretically, organic acids, such as gluconic acid, maleic acid, citric acid and xylonic acid, could be directly co-prepared with XOS and applied as feed additives (17, 19,[22][23][24].…”

Effects of Spermidine on Mouse Gut Morphology, Metabolites, and Microbial Diversity

“…Guillon et al found that succinate could reduce the upregulation of inflammatory factors and metabolic disorders of various physiological processes caused by the influenza A virus [ 27 ]. Maleic acid can release H + to promote the hydrolysis of hemicellulose [ 28 ]. In this study, spermidine promoted the upregulation of succinate and maleic acid, and it was speculated that spermidine has anti-inflammatory effects and promotes digestion.…”