Production of pig iron from red mud waste fines using thermal plasma technology

Selenium and Other Trace Element Mobility in Waste Products and Weathered Sediments at Parys Mountain Copper Mine, Anglesey, UK

“…The RMS is a heterogeneous fine fraction residue and contains quartz, Ti-and Al-oxides, pyrite, hematite, goethite and minor elemental S, baryte, galena, and sphalerite, identified by SEM. Deposits of RMS are typical of Al refineries (e.g., Bauxite red muds) but have been known to show affinities for As, Cu, and S mining wastes [38][39][40][41]. Coarser red weathering smelt soils (RWSS) are also typical in Cu mining wasteland areas [39,42,43], produced by weathering of smelt and bedrock.…”

Influence of Synthesis Factors on Properties of Geopolymers Based on Red Mud and Rice Husk Ash

“…Therefore, much research has been performed to encourage reusing RM to produce valuable products, and hence minimize its damage to the environment. Nowadays, most studies of RM utilization, which mainly focus on certain fields such as arsenic adsorption from aqueous solution [14], glass-ceramics manufacturing [7], sintered bricks [15], steelmaking [16,17], unsintered bricks [10,11], iron, alumina and titanium oxide recovering [18,13], , inorganic pigments [19], rare earths recovering [20], Portland cement clinker manufacturing [21], et., have been reported. However, research of the geopolymering process between RM and clay or fly ash in manufacturing unsintered bricks is highly concerned.…”

A facile disposal of Bayer red mud based on selective flocculation desliming with organic humics

“…Iron in bauxite ore or resulting BRM is mainly in the forms of oxides\hydroxide including hematite, goethite and magnetite minerals. Many techniques have been intensively studied for physical-chemical routes such as direct magnetic separation, acid leaching, smelting in a blast furnace and solid state reduction-magnetic separation [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Considering the above routes, low-level recovery, high energy consumption, long process and secondary pollution are the main reasons for the limitation of large-scale industrial applications.…”