Production of More Sustainable Mortar Using Finer Volcanic Scoria-based Blended Cements

Abstract

Use of pozzolans as substitute for Portland cement is one of the most effective approaches in order to make the concrete industry more sustainable; each 1kg of substitution reduces by about 1 kg the emission of CO 2 , and saves the energy required to produce 1 kg of cement. In addition, this use will lead to conservation of finite natural resources. Further, pozzolans could be used to make stronger and more durable concretes (Aitcin & Mindess, 2011). Natural pozzolan is one of the oldest construction materials. The Roman Empire is the most synonymous with the use of pozzolans, the name deriving from volcanic rock found near Naples. (Walker & Pavia 2011). It is being widely used as cement replacement due to its ecological, economical and performance-related advantageous properties (Kouloumbi et al. 1995; Khan & Alhozaimy 2010;

Improvement of the Early-Age Compressive Strength, Water Permeability, and Sulfuric Acid Resistance of Scoria-Based Mortars/Concrete Using Limestone Filler

“…It is worth mentioning that, in previously published papers on studying Syrian volcanic scoria as cement replacement, the scoria was quarried from Dirat-at-Tulul (it is currently out of the governmental control) and ground with all other binder components (i.e., clinker and gypsum) together (i.e., intergrinding) into a specific fineness [1,16,17]. However, in the present study, another supplementary cementitious material (i.e., limestone filler) was added as cement replacement.…”

Application of zeolite/kaolin combination for replacement of partial cement clinker to manufacture environmentally sustainable cement in Oman

“…The use of different industrial waste products as additives in the manufacture of cement has garnered significant consideration throughout recent years [12]. Fly ash and blast furnace slag [3], natural perlite [10], limestone [13], volcanic scoria [14,15], ternary binders such as cement/blast furnace slag/flash metakaolin [16], spent alumina catalyst and fluidized cracking catalyst [17], natural zeolite, coal bottom ash and fly ash materials [18], blast furnace slag, raw zeolite and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash [19], waste glass [20], coal combustion ash [7], and red mud [21] constitute the industrial waste products used. These waste materials are extremely attractive for their hydraulic and/or pozzolanic activities [22].…”