Production of middle distillate through hydrocracking of paraffin wax over NiMo/TiO2-SiO2 catalysts

Abstract

Titania-silica (TS(X), X=19, 26, 55, 70, and 79) supports with different titania content (X, wt%) were prepared by a precipitation method. NiMo/TS(X) catalysts prepared by an incipient wetness method were then applied to the production of middle distillate through hydrocracking of paraffin wax. Successful formation of NiMo/TS(X) (X=19, 26, 55, 70, and 79) catalysts was confirmed by ICP-AES and XRD measurements. NH 3 -TPD experiments were conducted to measure the acid property of NiMo/TS(X) (X=19, 26, 55, 70, and 79) catalysts. It was revealed that acidity of the catalyst played an important role in determining the catalytic performance in the hydrocracking of paraffin wax. Conversion of paraffin wax increased with increasing acidity of the catalyst, while yield for middle distillate showed a volcano-shaped curve with respect to acidity of the catalyst. Among the catalysts tested, NiMo/TS(26) retaining moderate acidity showed the highest yield for middle distillate.

Hydrocracking of crude palm oil to a biofuel using zirconium nitride and zirconium phosphide-modified bentonite

“…1c was likely unobserved, which could be attributed to the possibility that zirconium phosphide was highly irregular on the bentonite's surface or, due to a low percentage concentration, was employed with high dispersions, which lay below the detection limit of the analysis. 52 A similar finding was reported by Amaya et al 22 who modified the acid properties of dealuminated bentonite using AlZr or AlCe. The broadband 2 θ peak of Na-bentonite at 5.80° was less noticeable after modification, indicating the less-ordered bentonite-ZrP and bentonite ZrN.…”

Optimization of the CAPRI Process for Heavy Oil Upgrading: Effect of Hydrogen and Guard Bed

“…CoMo/alumina supported on Al 2 O 3 and/or SiO 2 is a bifunctional catalyst (i.e., metal and acidic), which is favorable for hydrocracking and hydrogenation . The metal sites promote hydrogen addition and the acidic sites of the supports promote cracking reactions through a carbocationic mechanism. , Catalytic upgrading in the presence of an HDS/HDT catalyst, that is, CoMo/alumina, occurs by a number of steps. First breaking the larger molecules to give fragmented free radicals, which then react with hydrogen radicals in order to stabilize the hydrocarbon chains and terminate the reaction.…”