Production of magnesium carbonates from serpentinite for long-term storage of CO2

Teir, Sebastian; Kuusik, Rein; Fogelholm, Carl-Johan; Zevenhoven, Ron

doi:10.1016/j.minpro.2007.08.007

Cited by 163 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Among the many materials tested, magnesium-rich materials are thought to be good candidates for carbonation due to their natural abundance [14] and relatively higher unit mass binding efficiency (e.g., as compared to calcium). For example, physical activation (grinding [15][16][17] or heating [18,19]), chemical leaching (acid [20][21][22], recyclable ammonium salt [23,24] or non-acidic ionic solutions [25]), bioleaching [26,27] were applied to Mg rich minerals to dissolve and concentrate Mg. However, the other CO 2 absorption and carbonate precipitation steps have been less explored.…”

Section: Co 2 Mineral Sequestrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 Absorption and Magnesium Carbonate Precipitation in MgCl2–NH3–NH4Cl Solutions: Implications for Carbon Capture and Storage

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2017

Minerals

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CO 2 absorption and carbonate precipitation are the two core processes controlling the reaction rate and path of CO 2 mineral sequestration. Whereas previous studies have focused on testing reactive crystallization and precipitation kinetics, much less attention has been paid to absorption, the key process determining the removal efficiency of CO 2 . In this study, adopting a novel wetted wall column reactor, we systematically explore the rates and mechanisms of carbon transformation from CO 2 gas to carbonates in MgCl 2 -NH 3 -NH 4 Cl solutions. We find that reactive diffusion in liquid film of the wetted wall column is the rate-limiting step of CO 2 absorption when proceeding chiefly through interactions between CO 2 (aq) and NH 3 (aq). We further quantified the reaction kinetic constant of the CO 2 -NH 3 reaction. Our results indicate that higher initial concentration of NH 4 Cl (≥ 2 mol·L −1 ) leads to the precipitation of roguinite, while nesquehonite appears to be the dominant Mg-carbonate without NH 4 Cl addition. We also noticed dypingite formation via phase transformation in hot water. This study provides new insight into the reaction kinetics of CO 2 mineral carbonation that indicates the potential of this technique for future application to industrial-scale CO 2 sequestration.

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Section: Co 2 Mineral Sequestrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 Absorption and Magnesium Carbonate Precipitation in MgCl2–NH3–NH4Cl Solutions: Implications for Carbon Capture and Storage

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2017

Minerals

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“…It is known that an alkali solution (pH 8$11) is favored for effective mineral carbonation. 7,13) The pH of the slurry was approximately 10.3 and was thus considered suitable for carbonation.…”

Section: Carbonation Of Pretreated Serpentinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the solution pH should be maintained in the alkali region, which requires a large quantity of alkali reagent. 7,13) The high energy cost due to the high temperature and pressure of carbonation and the use of excessive amounts of acid and alkali reagent are the major obstacles to the practical application of mineral carbonation for CO 2 sequestration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Oxalic Acid on Heat Pretreatment for Serpentine Carbonation

et al. 2011

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A novel pretreatment method for the mineral serpentine was proposed to develop an effective carbonation process for CO 2 sequestration. Basically, the method involved preheating a mixture of oxalic acid and serpentine and the subsequent aqueous carbonation. The addition of oxalic acid was found to stimulate the decomposition of serpentine during heat treatment. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that serpentine is transformed into magnesium oxalate and magnesium oxide by heat treatments at 200 C and 500 C, respectively. The addition of oxalic acid was found to enhance the overall carbonation reaction owing to the formation of magnesium oxide during heat treatment. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that approximately 70% of the Mg 2þ was transformed into magnesium oxide. Using this method, a carbonation rate as high as 72% could be obtained by aqueous carbonation at 100 C under 4 MPa. This novel method can potentially reduce the high energy cost and unavoidable use of expensive chemicals for pH control.

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“…Calcium and magnesium are common in nature, which are typically found in silicate minerals such as wollastonite and serpentine. Therefore, these minerals were intensively used in earlier studies on mineral carbonation [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. However, utilization of these minerals requires large-scale mining operations, which often face criticism over cost and environmental issues related to exploitation of natural resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the CO<sub>2</sub> Sequestration by Indirect Aqueous Carbonation of Waste Cement

Mun¹,

Cho²,

Kwon³

et al. 2017

AJCC

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Mineral carbonation of CO 2 with fine-grained waste cement was investigated using NH 4 Cl as a recyclable extracting agent. The amount of calcium extracted with NH 4 Cl was not as high as with more commonly used extraction agents such as HCl and CH 3 COOH. NH 4 Cl also exhibited high selectivity in the calcium extraction process, such that calcium ions comprised over 99% of the leaching solution. Another positive benefit of using NH 4 Cl was that precipitation of calcium carbonate by CO 2 injection was possible without the addition of basic reagents. Moreover, the NH 4 Cl regenerated during carbonation can be reused for calcium extraction. However, test results using regenerated NH 4 Cl solution in a cyclic fashion revealed that the process was not perfectly cyclic, but rather the calcium amount after precipitation increased as the cycle proceeded. The geochemical computer simulation PHREEQC was utilized to gain better insight into the cyclic mineral carbonation processes using NH 4 Cl solution. The simulation was based on thermodynamic equilibrium so that the amount of Ca in the solution fluctuated between specific values in a periodic fashion, unlike the experimental results of calcium accumulation in the extraction solution. One reason for this phenomenon was the kinetic/thermodynamic balance controlled by the amount of Ca 2+ and CO 2 present in the solution. However, it was feasible to use a geochemical model to evaluate the mineral carbonation process with the correction factors since the deviation between the experimental and the simulation results remained fairly constant throughout the cycle.

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Production of magnesium carbonates from serpentinite for long-term storage of CO2

Cited by 163 publications

References 7 publications

CO2 Absorption and Magnesium Carbonate Precipitation in MgCl2–NH3–NH4Cl Solutions: Implications for Carbon Capture and Storage

CO2 Absorption and Magnesium Carbonate Precipitation in MgCl2–NH3–NH4Cl Solutions: Implications for Carbon Capture and Storage

Effect of Oxalic Acid on Heat Pretreatment for Serpentine Carbonation

Investigation of the CO<sub>2</sub> Sequestration by Indirect Aqueous Carbonation of Waste Cement

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Production of magnesium carbonates from serpentinite for long-term storage of CO2

Cited by 163 publications

References 7 publications

CO2 Absorption and Magnesium Carbonate Precipitation in MgCl2–NH3–NH4Cl Solutions: Implications for Carbon Capture and Storage

CO2 Absorption and Magnesium Carbonate Precipitation in MgCl2–NH3–NH4Cl Solutions: Implications for Carbon Capture and Storage

Effect of Oxalic Acid on Heat Pretreatment for Serpentine Carbonation

Investigation of the CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Sequestration by Indirect Aqueous Carbonation of Waste Cement

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Investigation of the CO<sub>2</sub> Sequestration by Indirect Aqueous Carbonation of Waste Cement