Production of liquid fuel from palmitic acid over nanocrystalline CeO2-based catalysts with minimal use of H2

Ce–UiO-66 Derived CeO2 Octahedron Catalysts for Efficient Ketonization of Propionic Acid

“…10,13−19 In these previous works, CeO 2 was mainly prepared by the precipitation method, 8,13,20 while a few of the CeO 2 were prepared by template method or hydrothermal method to improve the ketonization performance without introducing other metals. 12,15 However, CeO 2 prepared by the precipitation method normally shows irregular morphology and uncontrollable particle size, which may limit the activity of ketonization. Therefore, it is worth exploring other preparation methods to improve the ketonization activity of CeO 2 .…”

“…In summary, the CeO 2 prepared by pyrolysis of MOF template show improved catalytic performance for several reactions due to the increased concentration of oxygen vacancies. This property may affect the catalytic performance of CeO 2 for ketonization, since several works showed that the presence of oxygen vacancy is important for ketonization, 15,35 and several works supported that the coordinatively unsaturated metal cations (formed due to formation of oxygen vacancy) are the active sites for ketonization. 16,36,37 In this work, a series of CeO 2 −UiO catalysts were prepared using Ce−UiO-66 template and tested in the ketonization of propionic acid.…”

Catalytic ketonization of palmitic acid over a series of transition metal oxides supported on zirconia oxide-based catalysts

“…75 Furthermore, intermolecular abstraction of g-hydrogen by carbonyl group of the formed fatty ketone produce free radical intermediates that lead to molecular cleavage and reduce overall product selectivity. 47 This phenomenon explains the moderate palmitone yield of this investigation using modied ZrO 2 based catalyst for palmitic acid ketonization reaction. The signicant yield of by-product such as pentadecane is also appeared to be derived from palmitone cracking under the reaction condition.…”

“…Besides, the possibilities of thermal cracking of palmitic acid according to eqn (6) also arose due to the elevated reaction temperature requirement (>300 °C) for ketonization, rendering the formation of light fractions of (C 9 to C 13 ) and gaseous compounds. 47–49 …”

“…Besides, the possibilities of thermal cracking of palmitic acid according to eqn (6) also arose due to the elevated reaction temperature requirement (>300 C) for ketonization, rendering the formation of light fractions of (C 9 to C 13 ) and gaseous compounds. [47][48][49] Ketonization: As aforementioned, the performance of the modied ZrO 2 catalyst in palmitic acid ketonization reaction varies due to the alteration in the physico-chemical properties on bulk ZrO 2 caused by added dopants. Therefore, composition of both palmitone and pentadecane yield differ signicantly in the range of 3.7-27.7% and 9.8-24.9% respectively with the prepared catalysts.…”