Production of Lighter Fuels from Spent Lubricating Oil via Pyrolysis over Barium-Substituted Spinel Ferrite

Abstract

The present work addresses the catalytic conversion of spent lubricating oil (SLO) into reusable diesel-like product over laboratory-prepared barium ferrite (abbreviated as BF, formula BaFe 2 O 4 ) using pyrolytic distillation. Soot, carbon, water, and other detrital contaminants were removed from SLO by prior treatment using pre-baked clay as adsorbent. The BF was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray scattering, X-ray diffractometry, and surface area analysis and used in the concentration range of 1−5 wt%. The influence of BF concentration on overall conversion (OC) and yields of liquid fraction (LF), gas (G), and solid residue (SR) was studied in comparison with the thermal uncatalyzed run. A catalyst loading of 5 wt% was found to be optimum, giving yields of 97.67 wt% OC, 92.91 wt% LF, 2.33 wt% G, and 4.76 wt% SR. Fourier transform infrared and gas chromatographic−mass spectrometric analyses showed the preponderance of aliphatic (79.38%) and olefinic (11.18%) hydrocarbons in the derived LF. The fuel properties of the derived fraction were also investigated using ASTM/IP standard methods. The results showed that a 5 wt% concentration of BF possessed high activity and selectivity toward formation of diesel-range hydrocarbons in appreciable yields.

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