Production of Interleukin-6 in Cultures of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Children with Primary Protein-Calorie Malnutrition and from Eutrophic Controls

Malavé, Inés; Vethencourt, María Alejandra; Chacón, R.; Quiñones, Damelis; Rebrij, Carlos; Bolívar, G.

doi:10.1159/000012743

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These polypeptides are synthesized in response to microorganisms and other antigens, and they mediate and regulate immune and inflammatory reactions. Many studies have described alteration in the expression of different cytokines during malnutrition (Mengheri et al 1992;Doherty et al 1994;Ameho et al 1997;Lofty et al 1998;Malavé et al 1998;Dülger et al 2002;Amesty et al 2003;Rodríguez et al 2005;González-Martínez et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T lymphocytes from malnourished infants are short-lived and dysfunctional cells

et al. 2011

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T lymphocytes from malnourished infants are short-lived and dysfunctional cells

et al. 2011

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“…Placenta IL-6 concentrations were elevated compared with serum concentrations in pregnant and non-pregnant adults (17), suggesting that this cytokine might play a role in pregnancy. Recently, it has been shown in trophoblast cells that hypoxia increased IL-6 production (42), and protein calorie malnutrition is a cause of increased IL-6 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (43). It could be speculated that the increase in IL-6 mRNA and the corresponding protein could be subsequent to hypoxia and/or nutrient deficiency secondary to altered blood flow in the placenta.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in interleukin-6 and IGF system and their relationships in placenta and cord blood in newborns with fetal growth restriction compared with controls

et al. 2006

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Objectives: The IGF system is central to fetal growth. Recently, the relationships between cytokines and the IGF system have been shown in specific tissues. It is unknown whether these occur in the placenta. The aim of this study was to assess whether interleukin-6 (IL-6) modulated the IGF system. Methods: Whole villous tissue and cord serum were collected from fetal growth restriction (FGR) neonates diagnosed before birth with altered Doppler velocimetry and controls. Sixteen FGR and 20 controls, born after week 32 of gestation from elective Caesarean sections, were compared. Total RNA was extracted from the placenta samples, reverse transcribed, and real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR was performed to quantify cDNA for IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-1, IGFBP-2, and IL-6. The same proteins were assayed in placenta lysates and cord serum using specific commercial kits and western immunoblotting. Results: FGR subjects had significantly more IGFBPs-1 and -2, and IL-6 mRNA and corresponding proteins in the placenta. In particular, the less phosphorylated isoforms of IGFBP-1 were highly increased. IL-6 and IGFBPs-2 mRNA, and IL-6 and IGFBP-1 peptides were positively and significantly correlated in the placenta. The IGF-II peptide was also significantly increased in FGR placentas. In cord serum, IGFBPs-1 and -2 were significantly more elevated in the FGR neonates. Serum IL-6 was significantly and positively correlated with both IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2. Conclusions: The placenta of FGR neonates has higher IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, and IL-6 contents compared with controls. At birth, IGFBPs-1 and -2 are increased in the cord blood of FGR neonates. IL-6 and IGFBP-2 gene expressions are closely related in the placenta. We suggest that the increase in IL-6 and IGFBP-2 could be subsequent to hypoxia and nutrient deficiency. As IGFBP-2 has a strong affinity for IGF-II, which is crucial for fetal growth, it could be an important bioregulator of IGF-II in the placenta.European Journal of Endocrinology 155 567-574

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“…18 Interleukin −6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that has a wide range of biological functions. 19 It is an essential stimulant for the production of acute-phase proteins. Also, it induces terminal B lymphocyte differentiation into antibodysecreting plasma cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>The Efficacy of Electrospun PAN/Kefiran Nanofiber and Kefir in Mammalian Cell Culture: Promotion of PC12 Cell Growth, Anti-MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells Activities, and Cytokine Production of PBMC</p>

Jenab

Roghanian

Ghorbani

et al. 2020

IJN

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Background: Kefiran is a useful polysaccharide made of branched glucogalactose which is produced by microorganisms. Here the anti-MCF-7 breast cancer cells activity of kefiran and cytokine productions (IL-6) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) treated by kefiran was studied. Also, the effect of using kefiran as a useful and cost-effective scaffold in neural stem cell culture (PC12 cell culture) was investigated. Material and Methods: Kefiran was produced from raw milk with 0.5% fat and 10 g of kefir grains. After incubation for 48 hrs at room temperature, the solvent collected (crude kefiran). These samples were kept at 100°C for 1 hr (boiled kefiran) and the supernatant was precipitated by ethanol (pure kefiran). Then, the electrospun nanofibers, pure polyacrylonitrile (PAN), PAN/kefiran 5%, and PAN/kefiran 10% were fabricated and used as scaffolds in the cell culture. The structure of fabricated was studied by SEM and the cytokine production (IL-6) in vitro in the cell culture supernatant of PBMC line after treatment with kefiran (1mg/mL, 5 mg/mL) and kefiran-PAN 5% and 10% were carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The attachment of PC12 cells was examined by inverted microscope. Also, cytotoxicity of kefiran for PC12 and MCF7 cells and morphological changes of PC12 cells were evaluated by MTT and Cresyl violet staining (Nissl staining) respectively. Results: The mean diameter of fabricated PAN/kefiran 5% and 10% nanofibers were 310.2±43.97 nm. The contact angle measurement results (26.9± 1.9 for the pure PAN scaffold vs 12.3± 1.13 for the PAN/kefiran) revealed enhanced hydrophilicity of scaffolds upon the incorporation of kefiran and PAN. Seeding of PC12 cells on the scaffolds showed that fabrication of kefiran into PAN led to the enhancement of cell attachment, proliferation, and morphological changes. Also, the promotion of PBMC growth and decreasing of MCF7 cell lines viability were shown through MTT assay. No significant changes were measured for the level of IL-6 in PAN/kefiran 5% treated cells compared to the control (p ≥ 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest superior properties of kefiran/PAN nanofibrous scaffolds for the neural stem cell culture especially for repairing injured spinal cord. Also, the pure kefiran could be used for the enhancement of PBMC growth and reducing the MCF7 cancerous cells growth. So, using biocompatible, anti-bacterial, and anti-tumor kefiran/ PAN nanofibers for regenerative medicine seems promising.

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Production of Interleukin-6 in Cultures of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Children with Primary Protein-Calorie Malnutrition and from Eutrophic Controls

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

T lymphocytes from malnourished infants are short-lived and dysfunctional cells

T lymphocytes from malnourished infants are short-lived and dysfunctional cells

Changes in interleukin-6 and IGF system and their relationships in placenta and cord blood in newborns with fetal growth restriction compared with controls

<p>The Efficacy of Electrospun PAN/Kefiran Nanofiber and Kefir in Mammalian Cell Culture: Promotion of PC12 Cell Growth, Anti-MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells Activities, and Cytokine Production of PBMC</p>

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