1990
DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-71-2-477
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Production of interleukin 1 and tumour necrosis factor activities in bronchoalveolar washings following infection of mice by influenza virus

Abstract: Mice were infected with influenza A virus by aerosol. Bronchoalveolar washings obtained from infected mice contained interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) activities. IL-1 was present at day 4 postinfection but not at day 7. TNF activity was present at day 4 and day 7 post-infection. The presence of both these monokines was coincident with increased cell populations in the lungs. In vitro studies demonstrated that macrophages from non-infected mice produce ILl and TNF activities in response to … Show more

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Cited by 65 publications
(30 citation statements)
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(14 reference statements)
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“…Type I IFNs (IFN-␣/␤) are the key cytokines produced by influenza A virus-infected epithelial cells, monocytes/macrophages, and spleen cells (5,29,39,52,54,70) and function as antiviral factors. Several studies have demonstrated that an early rise in the levels of IFN-␣, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1␣, IL-1␤, and IL-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids or lung homogenates is associated with symptom development and lung pathology in influenza virus-infected mice (19,33,47,69). Therefore, the levels of IL-6 and IFN-␣ in serum samples and lungs of the mutant virus-infected mice were determined.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Type I IFNs (IFN-␣/␤) are the key cytokines produced by influenza A virus-infected epithelial cells, monocytes/macrophages, and spleen cells (5,29,39,52,54,70) and function as antiviral factors. Several studies have demonstrated that an early rise in the levels of IFN-␣, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1␣, IL-1␤, and IL-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids or lung homogenates is associated with symptom development and lung pathology in influenza virus-infected mice (19,33,47,69). Therefore, the levels of IL-6 and IFN-␣ in serum samples and lungs of the mutant virus-infected mice were determined.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Until now, the association between cytokines and influenza pneumonia has been studied exclusively in mice, which are not natural influenza virus hosts. In this murine model, there is an early increase of both TNF-α and IL-1 [59,99,131] in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BAL), and cytokines correlate with the characteristic signs of disease (lethargy, anorexia, followed by mortality) and with mononuclear cell infiltration in the lungs and gross lesion development. In a study by Hennet et al [59], production of TNF-α/IL-1 was followed by that of other cytokines and inflammatory products: IL-6, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, IFN-γ and leukotriene B4.…”
Section: Cytokines In Viral Respiratory Diseases Of Humansmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Various independent research groups have reported increase in IFNα, TNF-α, IL-1 α and β and IL-6 levels in Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) fluid or lung homogenates ( Figure 1) after intranasal infection of mice with A/PR/ 8/34 [29][30][31][32]. Treatment of virus infected mice with antibodies to the cytokine have been reportedly associated with IFN-α and IL-1α.…”
Section: In Vivo Modelsmentioning
confidence: 99%