Production of hydrogen and value-added carbon materials by catalytic methane decomposition: a review

Pham, Cham Q.; Siang, Tan Ji; Kumar, P. Senthil; Ahmad, Zainal; Xiao, Leilei; Bahari, Mahadi B.; Cao, Anh Ngoc T.; Rajamohan, N.; Qazaq, Amjad Saleh; Kumar, Amit; Show, Pau Loke; Vo, Dai‐Viet N.

doi:10.1007/s10311-022-01449-2

Cited by 33 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…Among reviews and books that relate to electrically heated fluidized beds (EHFBs), some are focused on specific applications with either a single electric heating principle, − or multiple electric heating principles. − Some are focused on a specific heating principle, but with various applications. , Moreover, others are mainly focused on electrochemistry and electrostatics. − None provide a comprehensive summary of the different options to electrically heat a fluidized bed. Hence, the goal of this review is to provide an overview of electric heating options for fluidized beds, highlight implications for various industrial applications, and outline knowledge gaps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically Heated Fluidized Beds─A Review

Ahmed,

Duchesne,

Tan

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Fluidized beds heated via fossil fuel combustion have been widely used in industry for various applications. Heating these fluidized beds with clean electricity is emerging as a promising solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve overall energy efficiency, and for some applications, improve product quality. This review covers the development status of electrically heated fluidized beds (EHFBs) with a variety of heating principles, including Joule heating, induction heating, electromagnetic irradiation, sonication, plasma heating and gas preheating. An analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of these heating principles is presented, along with their suitability for different applications. Current and potential industrial applications using EHFBs for highly diversified processes, from material processing and biomass gasification to space exploration, are highlighted. Each application presents its own unique opportunities and challenges. The selection of a method to deliver electrical heat depends on the specific purpose of each application, materials involved, and the required configuration of the EHFB. Hence, methods to assess key performance indicators are described. To date, only a few applications have been commercialized, mostly for drying and material processing. Recommendations for EHFB advancement are provided so that their full potential can be realized.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically Heated Fluidized Beds─A Review

Ahmed,

Duchesne,

Tan

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…52,53 CNOs have been employed in numerous applications such as hydrogen storage, 54 biomedical applications, 51,55 sensing, 56,62,63 energy storage, 57−59 and hydrogen production. 60 CNOs can be easily synthesized from unconventional techniques such as flame pyrolysis in large quantities and energy-efficient manner. 53 In such an attempt, waste frying oil is used as a precursor for the synthesis of CNOs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CNO, an emerging carbon nanomaterial, has recently attracted much attention as an adsorbent after the discovery of its environment-friendly and energy-intensive synthetic routes. − , CNOs are quasi-spherical multishelled carbon nanoparticles consisting of concentric graphene layers and have a fully accessible outer surface with abundant curved edges, providing an inclusive surface area . The concentric shells of CNOs with a high degree of curvature exhibit a high density of defects and holes, which in consequence offer large numbers of active sites. , CNOs have been employed in numerous applications such as hydrogen storage, biomedical applications, , sensing, ,, energy storage, − and hydrogen production . CNOs can be easily synthesized from unconventional techniques such as flame pyrolysis in large quantities and energy-efficient manner .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Effective and Ecologically Sustainable Carbon Nano-Onions for Antibiotic Removal from Wastewater

Kumari,

Tripathi,

Awasthi

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The discharge of antibiotics into the aquatic environment can become toxic and hazardous to both human health and the environment. Therefore, it is enormously essential to remove multiple antibiotics from the wastewater. In this work, carbon nano-onions (CNOs) were synthesized and used as effective adsorbents for the removal of 97% norfloxacin (NOR) and 99% tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) antibiotics from wastewater. CNOs showed good adsorption efficiency, and the equilibrium period was also short. The adsorption studies were investigated with adsorbent dosages, adsorbate concentration, and pH. The maximum adsorption capacity (q max) was found to be 416.66 and 344.82 mg g–1 for TCH and NOR, respectively. CNOs have also shown admirable removal efficiency toward NOR and TCH from natural water samples such as dam water (97% TCH and 94% NOR), tap water (96% NOR and 93% TCH), and lake water (95% NOR and 93% TCH).

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“…Simultaneously, the decomposing material interacts with the molten medium, culminating in a myriad of carbon products. Relative to alternative processes, molten pyrolysis offers several distinguishing benefits 12,17,18 . First, it accommodates the decomposition of a vast array of materials, encompassing carbon‐containing gases, polymers, plastics, and organic compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relative to alternative processes, molten pyrolysis offers several distinguishing benefits. 12,17,18 First, it accommodates the decomposition of a vast array of materials, encompassing carbon-containing gases, polymers, plastics, and organic compounds. Second, the substantial heat capacity of the molten medium engenders a reduction in reaction temperature, which is advantageous since traditional pyrolytic graphitization typically necessitates temperatures exceeding 2000 • C. Furthermore, the molten medium may function as a solvent or reactant, thereby augmenting reaction efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in melt pyrolysis: Fabrication and applications of high‐value carbon materials from abundant sources

Zhang,

Huang,

Yang

et al. 2023

SusMat

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The escalating demand for sophisticated carbon products, including carbon black, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and graphene, has yet to be adequately addressed by conventional techniques with respect to large‐scale, efficient, and controllable carbon material synthesis. Molten pyrolysis emerges as a propitious strategy for generating such high‐value carbon materials. Abundant carbon sources encompassing methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), biomass, and plastics can undergo thermal decomposition into carbon constituents within molten metal or salt media. This methodology not only obviates dependence on traditional fossil fuels but additionally enables modulation of carbon material morphologies by varying the molten media, thereby presenting substantial potential for effective and controlled carbon material fabrication. In this review, we examine the capacity of molten pyrolysis in producing high‐value carbon materials derived from CH4, CO2, biomass, and plastics. Concurrently, we present a detailed overview of the potential applications of this novel methodology, particularly emphasizing its relevance in the fields of supercapacitors, flexible materials, and electrochemical cells. Furthermore, we contemplate future trajectories for molten pyrolysis, accentuating that amalgamation with auxiliary processes or technologies—like renewable energy systems and carbon capture and storage—represents a remarkably promising route for continued investigation.

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Production of hydrogen and value-added carbon materials by catalytic methane decomposition: a review

Cited by 33 publications

References 120 publications

Electrically Heated Fluidized Beds─A Review

Electrically Heated Fluidized Beds─A Review

Cost-Effective and Ecologically Sustainable Carbon Nano-Onions for Antibiotic Removal from Wastewater

Recent progress in melt pyrolysis: Fabrication and applications of high‐value carbon materials from abundant sources

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