Production of hydrocarbons by catalytic upgrading of a fast pyrolysis bio-oil. Part II: Comparative catalyst performance and reaction pathways

Adjaye, John; Bakhshi, Narendra N.

doi:10.1016/0378-3820(95)00040-e

Cited by 282 publications

(216 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A similar observation concerning the formation of char during the cracking of pyrolysis oil, and the effect of temperature on char formation was reported by Adjaye and Bakhshi (1995b). The aqueous product contained 78 to 81 wt% water, indicating that some oxygen was removed in the form of water (Adjaye and Bakhshi 1995c). The amount of aqueous product ranged from about 36 to 53 wt %.…”

Section: Product Distributionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…It was observed that the OLP decreased when the temperature was increased from 500 to 600 C (runs 10-15). Adjaye and Bakhshi (1995b) and Bi et al (2013) reported similar observations during the upgrading of pyrolysis oil and tar by HZSM-5 catalyst. They stated that the yield of OLP decreased as the temperature increased, meaning that a higher temperature led to the additional cracking of OLP, forming more gaseous products.…”

Section: Product Distributionsupporting

confidence: 58%

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Catalytic Cracking of Pyrolysis Oil Derived from Rubberwood to Produce Green Gasoline Components

2015

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An attempt was made to generate gasoline-range aromatics from pyrolysis oil derived from rubberwood. Catalytic cracking of the pyrolysis oil was conducted using an HZSM-5 catalyst in a dual reactor. The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst weight, and nitrogen flow rate were investigated to determine the yield of organic liquid product (OLP) and the percentage of gasoline aromatics in the OLP. The results showed that the maximum OLP yield was about 13.6 wt%, which was achieved at 511 C, a catalyst weight of 3.2 g, and an N2 flow rate of 3 mL/min. The maximum percentage of gasoline aromatics was about 27 wt%, which was obtained at 595 C, a catalyst weight of 5 g, and an N2 flow rate of 3 mL/min. Although the yield of gasoline aromatics was low, the expected components were detected in the OLP, including benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylenes (BTEX). These findings demonstrated that green gasoline aromatics can be produced from rubberwood pyrolysis oil via zeolite cracking. University, Had Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand; * Corresponding author: sukritthira.b@psu.ac.th Keywords: Pyrolysis oil; Zeolite cracking; Organic liquid product (OLP); Green gasoline-range aromatics Contact information: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla INTRODUCTIONBiomass represents a potential alternative source of energy, which is an important complement to fossil fuels. As such, it attracted significant attention as a renewable source of energy after the global oil crisis of the 1970s (Demirbas 2007;Lucia 2008;Demirbas et al. 2009). In addition, biomass currently is considered to be the only sustainable source that can be used to produce energy-related products, including electricity, heat, and valuable chemicals such as resins, flavorings, and other materials (Huber et al. 2006;Dodds and Gross 2007).The first generation of biofuels were primarily bioethanol and biodiesel made from sugar, starch, and vegetable oil. To date, such biofuels have been widely produced across several countries and continents, notably Brazil, South America, Europe, and the United States (Charles et al. 2007;Mojoviä et al. 2009); however, they have been produced from food-grade biomass, which could lead to critical concerns related to food security (Gronowska et al. 2009). Therefore, it is very important to be able to produce biofuels from non-food resources such as ligno-cellulosic materials: wood chips, switch grasses and most importantly agricultural wastes, such as sugarcane bagasse, corn stover and rice straw.Pyrolysis oils derived from wood-based biomass are one of the most promising renewable fuels. They are environmentally-friendly candidates because they contain a low content of sulfur compared to fossil-derived oils (Czernik and Bridgwater 2004). Recently, extensive attention has been focused on the technology of fast pyrolysis rather than slow pyrolysis, as the former produces high yield of pyrolysis oil with low water content in a PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE bioresources.com Saad et al. (2015). "Cr...

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Section: Product Distributionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Product Distributionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Catalytic Cracking of Pyrolysis Oil Derived from Rubberwood to Produce Green Gasoline Components

2015

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“…have been widely studied. They were effective to convert the highly oxygenated compounds to hydrocarbons, but many problems were encountered, such as fast deactivation of the catalysts by coke deposition, low organic liquid yield and the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) [6,7]. Recently, mesoporous catalysts (such as MCM-41, SBA-15, MSU, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Vapors with Nano Metal Oxides: An Analytical Py-GC/MS Study

et al. 2010

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Fast pyrolysis of poplar wood followed with catalytic cracking of the pyrolysis vapors was performed using analytical pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The catalysts applied in this study were nano MgO, CaO, TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , NiO and ZnO. These catalysts displayed different catalytic capabilities towards the pyrolytic products. The catalysis by CaO significantly reduced the levels of phenols and anhydrosugars, and eliminated the acids, while it increased the formation of cyclopentanones, hydrocarbons and several light compounds. ZnO was a mild catalyst, as it only slightly altered the pyrolytic products. The other four catalysts all decreased the linear aldehydes dramatically, while the increased the ketones and cyclopentanones. They also reduced the anhydrosugars, except for NiO. Moreover, the catalysis by Fe 2 O 3 resulted in the formation of various hydrocarbons. However, none of these catalysts except CaO were able to greatly reduce the acids.

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“…The experiment results confirmed the advantageous of catalyst usage, and the Al-SBA-15 catalyst performs more balanced among all the catalysts tested. Catalytic cracking can converting macromolecule oxygenated substances to lighter fractions (Adjaye & Bakhshi, 1995;S. Zhang, et al, 2005).…”

Section: Catalytic Crackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Bio-oil from Biomass

Xu¹,

Hu²,

Li³

et al. 2011

Progress in Biomass and Bioenergy Production

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Production of hydrocarbons by catalytic upgrading of a fast pyrolysis bio-oil. Part II: Comparative catalyst performance and reaction pathways

Cited by 282 publications

References 7 publications

Catalytic Cracking of Pyrolysis Oil Derived from Rubberwood to Produce Green Gasoline Components

Catalytic Cracking of Pyrolysis Oil Derived from Rubberwood to Produce Green Gasoline Components

Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Vapors with Nano Metal Oxides: An Analytical Py-GC/MS Study

Preparation and Characterization of Bio-oil from Biomass

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