Production of highly charged ion beams Kr³²⁺, Xe⁴⁴⁺, Au⁵⁴⁺with Electron String Ion Source (ESIS) Krion-2 and corresponding basic and applied studies

Abstract

Electron String Ion Source (ESIS) Krion-2 (JINR, Dubna) was used for basic and applied research in various aspects of multiply charged heavy ions production. Energy recuperation mode in ESIS has been proofed first and used for production of highly charged ions 84Kr28+÷84Kr32+, 124Xe40÷124Xe44 and Au51+÷ Au54+. Krion-2 ESIS was mounted on high voltage (HV) platform of LU-20 Linac and used as an injector of highly charged ions during Nuclotron run N° 41. Krion-2 ESIS has produced 3.0·107 124Xe42+ ions per pulse of 7 μs duration. This ion beam was injected into LU-20 and Nuclotron, accelerated up to energy of 186 GeV and the extracted Xe beam was used for physics experiments. Electron String Ion Source Krion-2 demonstrated the high reliability and stability running during 30 days on HV platform. We believe that it is due to an extremely low electron beam power, provided by using the electron string mode of operation: 50 W pulse power and about 10 W average power. Other possible application of ESIS could be its use in injection complexes of synchrotrons and cyclotrons for cancer therapy. Slow and fast extraction of C4+ and C6+ beams from Krion-2 ESIS were preliminary studied towards ESIS optimization for medical accelerators requirements.

Algorithm and simulation of heat conduction process for design of a thin multilayer technical device

“…It is known (see [10,13]) that in the case of a non-uniform grid or discontinuities of the first kind of the thermal coefficients, Scheme (8) has the first order difference approximation via spatial coordinates 1 . Therefore, for approximations of the boundary and conjugation conditions, it is enough to use the difference approximation of the first order.…”

“…In modern science the phenomena of thermal conductivity is a very common technology for studying of complex objects with complex geometric and physical structure. The main goal of this work is to suggest a model of temperature evolution for a multilayer cylindrical object, called cryogenic cell, which has application in sources of multicharged ions [1]. The function of the cryogenic cell is a pulse injection (in the millisecond range) of the working gases into the working space of the ion source.…”

Heavy Ion Linac for Synchrotron Injectors

“…Typical peak beam currents are less than 1emA (for example beam currents about 400 eA of 238 U 34+ were extracted in the 28 GHz superconducting ECRIS VENUS at LBNL [16]) and a transversal beam shape depends on magnetic field distribution. Further development of EBIS is the Electron String Ion Source (ESIS) [17] build at DUBNA facility, which is expected to produce a 7s pulse of 197 Au 31+ ions with a peak current up to I=10 emA and repetition rate 50 Hz. The reflex mode accompanied by a phase transition of the non-neutral plasma to the steady state called "electron string state", gives an opportunity to produce highly charged ions with less dissipation power and thus providing source reliability for various application.…”

Algorithm for Solving an Optimization Problem for the Temperature Distribution on a Plate

“…The plate serves for injecting the working species (atoms of the plate material evaporated from its surface) into the working space of an ion source [1]. The plate is heated by the flux of the electric current passing through it.…”

“…The work describes the maximization problem regarding heating of an area on the surface of a thin plate within a given temperature range. The plate serves for injecting the working species (atoms of the plate material evaporated from its surface) into the working space of the ion source [1]. The plate is heated by the flux of electric current passing through it.…”