Production of high surface area-activated carbons from waste bamboo scaffolding

Activated carbon from bamboo waste: Effect of activation sequences and iron-cobalt impregnation to material properties and catalyst performance

“…The treatment with phosphoric acid solutiona, as activating agent, have produced activated carbon with very large surface area. These results are identical with Ip et al [8] dan Cheung et al [9].The acid activation before and after carbonization showed identical results in surface area. The P3 activation sequencesgave larger pore diameter than P4 ( Table 2).…”

“…Bamboo handicraft productions also produce waste,that can be converted to powder activated carbon.The performance of metal catalysts with activated carbon support is affected by bamboo material size, activation agent, carbonization conditions, activation sequence, functionalization, impregnation method, type of metal catalyst, loading of metal mixtures on activated carbon and reduction. The carbonization process was carried out at 400-900 0 C for 2-4 hours using physical activation (steam) and chemical activation (different activation agents were used, including phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide) [6][7][8][9][10]. The phosphoric acid treatment as an activation agent gave best results [7][8][9].…”

“…The carbonization process was carried out at 400-900 0 C for 2-4 hours using physical activation (steam) and chemical activation (different activation agents were used, including phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide) [6][7][8][9][10]. The phosphoric acid treatment as an activation agent gave best results [7][8][9]. Carbon material is inert, but contains functional groups attached to the surface.…”

Production of activated carbon from mango seed coat using chemical activation

“…Iodine number and methylene blue number value indicate the micropore and mesopore developed in the mango seed coat activated carbon during the activation process. Based on iodine o number and methylene blue number, 400 C was selected as optimum activation temperature (Cheung et al, 2017) widely used as an activating agent because of its tendency to create palpable surface area and better yield, which was also confirmed in this study. o The influence of H PO at 400 C for 1 hr at different 3 4 impregnation volume percentage on mango seed coat has been shown in Fig.…”

On using clay and nanoclay ceramic granules in reducing lead, arsenic, nitrate, and turbidity from water

“…Numerous researches have been done for usability of inexpensive and aboriginal adsorbents such as activated carbon prepared by pistachio, walnut and almond shells (Taghizadeh and vahdati 2015), peach stones (Attia et al 2008), bagasse (Valix et al 2004), pecan shell (Guoans and Rockstraw 2007), almond shells (Toles et al 2000), rice husk (Chuah et al 2005), waste tea (Yagmur et al 2008), corncobs (Hendawy et al 2001), cotton-seed (Pütün et al 2006), olive stones (El-Sheikh et al 2004), sawdust (Rafatullah 2009), coconut shells (Azevedo et al 2007), nutshells (Arjmand 2006), bamboo scaffolding (Cheung et al 2006), grape seeds (Al Bahri et al 2012), banana stalk (Bello et al 2012a), spent tea leaves (Hameed 2009), ginger waste (Ahmad and Kumar 2010), degreased coffee bean (Baek et al 2010).…”