Production of high-performance and improved-durability Pt-catalyst /support for proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells with pulsed laser deposition

Huang, Ting Wei; Qayyum, Hamza; Lin, Guan Ren; Chen, Shouyuan; Tseng, Chung Jen

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/49/25/255601

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For the case of 100 µg·cm −2 , the particle diameter was 4.9 ± 0.4 nm. This number obtained from TEM measurement was consistent with that retrieved from X-ray diffraction measurement as reported previously [11]. With a Pt loading of 75 µg·cm −2 , the deposited nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on the surface of the underlying nanoporous support.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…One of the major advantages of PLD over other deposition techniques is its capability to generate high kinetic energy ions and atoms. It is also straightforward in generating nanoparticles by performing pulsed laser deposition in an ambient gas atmosphere, as a result of cooling of the ablation plume by the ambient gas [11]. By controlling the pressure of the ambient gas, one can control the size of deposited particles and the porosity of the grown film [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cunningham et al [7] reported that by using PLD in He atmosphere to deposit Pt onto GDL, with a very low Pt loading of 17 µg·cm −2 , the catalyst-loaded GDL could achieve a current density of 780 mA·cm −2 when used at the anode. In our earlier work [11], we had achieved a high current density of 1032 mA·cm −2 with an anode Pt loading of 13 µg·cm −2 by using PLD in Ar atmosphere. The better performance compared to the previous work could be ascribed to the smaller Pt nanoparticle size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With a Pt loading of 125 µg·cm −2 , aggregation was even more severe, resulting in large clusters. In addition, the voids between Pt nanoparticles became smaller, presumably due to the deposition of free atoms in the ablation plume [11]. The formation of large clusters and the decrease in porosity at higher Pt loadings resulted in reduction of specific surface area, which had a negative effect on fuel cell performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to being more tedious, a significant amount of Pt could be lost in these processes. Contrarily, with PLD, there is practically no loss of Pt [11]. In addition, the use of PLD allows for precise control over the size of Pt particles and the thickness of the deposited film, which is important in good manufacturing quality control for achieving high catalytic activity [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulsed Laser Deposition of Platinum Nanoparticles as a Catalyst for High-Performance PEM Fuel Cells

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The catalyst layers for polymer-electrolyte-membrane (PEM) fuel cells were fabricated by deposition of platinum directly onto the gas diffusion layer using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). This technique reduced the number of steps required to synthesize the catalyst layers and the amount of Pt loading required. PEM fuel cells with various Pt loadings for the cathode were investigated. With a cathode Pt loading of 100 µg·cm −2 , the current density of a single cell reached 1205 mA·cm −2 at 0.6 V, which was close to that of a single cell using an E-TEK (trademark) Pt/C electrode with a cathode Pt loading of 400 µg·cm −2 . Furthermore, for a PEM fuel cell with both electrodes prepared by PLD and a total anode and cathode Pt loading of 117 µg·cm −2 , the overall Pt mass-specific power density at 0.6 V reached 7.43 kW·g −1 , which was five times that of a fuel cell with E-TEK Pt/C electrodes. The high mass-specific power density was due to that a very thin nanoporous Pt layer was deposited directly onto the gas diffusion layer, which made good contact with the Nafion membrane and thus resulted in a low-resistance membrane electrode assembly.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulsed Laser Deposition of Platinum Nanoparticles as a Catalyst for High-Performance PEM Fuel Cells

et al. 2016

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Recent Advances in Synthesis and Utilization of Ultra‐low Loading of Precious Metal‐based Catalysts for Fuel Cells

Lori

Elbaz

2020

ChemCatChem

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Cost of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is one of the most acute setbacks delaying this technology's worldwide deployment and commercialization. Platinum, the most common and effective catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), is a scarce element which accounts for more than 45 % of PEMFC stack cost. One of the preferred proposed paths to substantially reduce stack costs is by dramatically lowering precious metal loading in a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) to account for up to 11.3 gPt per midsize vehicle (US‐DOE 2020 target). This Minireview surveys the latest synthetical and methodical advances in making and utilizing ultra‐low loading precious metal ORR catalyst in PEM fuel cells.

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Effects of assembling method and force on the performance of proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells with metal foam flow field

et al. 2020

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Recently, highly porous metal foams have been used to replace the traditional open-flow channels to improve gas transport and distribution in the cells. Deformation of flow plate, gas diffusion layer (GDL), and metal foam may occur during assembling. When the cell size is small, the deformation may not be significant. For large area cells, the deformation may become significant to affect the cell performance. In this study, an assembling device that is capable of applying uniform clamping force is built to facilitate fuel cell assembling and alleviate the deformation. A compressing plate that is the same size of the active area is used to apply uniform clamping force before surrounding bolts are fastened. Therefore, bending of the flow plate and deformation of GDL and metal foam can be minimized. Effects of the clamping force on the microstructures of GDL and metal foam, various resistances, pressure drops, and cell performance are investigated. Distribution of the contact pressure between metal foam and GDL is measured by using pressure sensitive films. Field-emission scanning electron microscope is used to observe the microstructures. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis is used measure resistances. The fuel cell performance is measured by using a fuel cell test system. For the cell design used in this study, the optimum clamping force is found to be 200 kgf. Using this optimum clamping force, the cell performance can be enhanced by 50%, as compared with that of the cell assembled without using clamping plates. With appropriate clamping force, the compression force distribution across the entire cell area can approach uniform. This enables uniform flow distribution and reduces mass transfer resistance. Good contact between GDL and metal foam also lowers the interface resistance. All these factors contribute to the enhanced cell performance.

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Production of high-performance and improved-durability Pt-catalyst /support for proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells with pulsed laser deposition

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Pulsed Laser Deposition of Platinum Nanoparticles as a Catalyst for High-Performance PEM Fuel Cells

Pulsed Laser Deposition of Platinum Nanoparticles as a Catalyst for High-Performance PEM Fuel Cells

Recent Advances in Synthesis and Utilization of Ultra‐low Loading of Precious Metal‐based Catalysts for Fuel Cells

Effects of assembling method and force on the performance of proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells with metal foam flow field

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