Production of Gastric Hemorrhage in Rats by Multiple Stresses

Brodie, David A.; Valitski, L. S.

doi:10.3181/00379727-113-28555

Cited by 81 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Bass and Patterson (3) have suggested that the antisecretory properties of adrenergic agents (both stimulant and inhibitor) would be due to the increase of the biologic half-life of catechol amines. Brodie and Valitski (13) have found that adrenaline blocked the gastric hemor rhage induced by the multiple stress in rats. We also obtained an inhibitory effect of adrenaline and noradrenaline on stress-induced ulceration (unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Adrenergic Blocking Agents on Gastric Secretion and Stress-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats

Okabe

Saziki

Takagi

1970

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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Recently interest in investigations of adrenergic agents (stimulants and inhibitors) on gastric secretion, motility, and ulceration in experimental animals has increased (1-7). Pradhan and Wingate (6) have demonstrated that phentolamine and tolazoline enhanced the spontaneous gastric secretion in dogs while phenoxybenzamine and dichloroisopro terenol showed inhibitory effects on spontaneous as well as induced secretion by food, bethanechol, and histamine. Bass and Patterson (3) have shown that both adrenergic and adrenergic blocking agents (including phentolamine and tolazoline) possessed anti secretory properties on rat gastric secretion. Hence, if gastric acid is a primary element in experimental ulcer, adrenergic and adrenergic blocking aegnts which have antisecretory effect should inhibit gastric ulceration. However, phentolamine, MJ 1999, and isopro terenol did not affect the incidence of histamine-induced ulcer in guinea pigs (6). More over, propranolol and phenoxybenzamine increased the incidence of ulceration in fasted rats immobilized for 8 hours (7). In this study, therefore, an attempt was made to in vestigate the effect of several adrenergic blocking agents on gastric secretion and stress induced ulcer in rats and to clarify a part of the mechanism of gastric ulceration by stress. METHODSGastric secretion studies: Male Donryu strain rats (200-230 g) were used in the follow ing experiments. The animals were deprived of food for 24 hours in individual cages prior to the experiment but were allowed free access to water. Under ether anesthesia, the abdomen was incised and the junction between the pylorus and duodenum was ligated, as described by Shay et al. (8). Four hours later, the animals were killed by a blow on the head and the stomach was removed. Gastric juice was collected in a graduated test tube and the total acidity was determined by titration with 0.1 N NaOH using phenol phthalein as an indicator. The pH was determined with a glass electrode.Stress ulcer studies: As described previously by Takagi and Okabe (9), animals (235 255 g) were placed in a stress cage and immersed into a water bath (23°C) for 7 hours to the level of xiphoid process. At the end of the stress, the animals were killed by a blow * Present address:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Adrenergic Blocking Agents on Gastric Secretion and Stress-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats

Okabe

Saziki

Takagi

1970

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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“…DISCUSSION There are several reports regarding the effect of biogenic monoamines and precursors on formation of stress ulcer. Exogenously administered norepinephrine and its precursor reduced formation of ulcer due to stress (14)(15)(16)(17). 5-HT and the precursor are reported to promote or conversely reduce the ulcer formation (17,5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Biogenic Monoamines and Precursors on Stress Ulcers and Secretion in Stomach

Nakane

Sakai

1974

Jpn.J.Pharmacol

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Abstract-Effectsof biogenic monoamines and their precursors on stress ulcers and secretion in stomach were investigated herein. Norepinephrine, 5-HT and their precursors prevented formation of stress ulcer at any level of endogenous monoamines in reserpine or iproniazid-treated rats. These same agents did not affect the stress induced decrease in the output of PSB but increased the pH value of gastric juice.It was reported that experimental ulcers were produced in the cat gastrointestinal tract by small doses of reserpine followed by electrical shock or hypothalamic stimulation and that the mechanism would involve a decrease in central monoamine level (1-6). It was also shown that reserpine or reserpine-like drugs caused gastric hemorrhage by a mechanism which involved release of catecholamines or serotonin (7,8).Recently, the present authors have demonstrated that formation of gastric ulcer in rats treated with a combination of reserpine and stress is due to endogenously liberated monoamines and that the decrease in gastric monoamine level prevents formation of the stress ulcer (9). Further studies have shown that the output of injected Pontamine Sky Blue 6BX (PSB) in the gastric juice is decreased by stress, probably due to sustained con tractions of gastric mucosal vessels resulted from liberation of monoamines and that there is a reciprocal relationship between the production of stress ulcer and the output of PSB (10).The present experiments were carried out to determine effects of exogenously admin istered monoamines and precursors on the production of stress ulcer at various level of endogenous monoamines as well as the effects on the output of PSB in the stomach, in order to correlate the two parameters.MATERIALS AND METHODS Stress ulcer: As described previously by Takagi and Okabe (11), male rats of Donryu strain (220-260 g) were immersed into a water bath at 23°C for 7 hr to the level of xiphoid . The animals were then sacrificed, the isolated stomach was inflated with about 10 ml water and placed in 0.5% formalin for 5 min, according to Brodie et al. (12). After washing, the stomach was incised along the greater curvature. Ulcerative changes were scored and expressed as ulcer index, according to grade and number as described by Takagi and Okabe (11).Determination of output of PSB (13) : Male Donryu strain rats (about 250 g) were

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“…For cold-restraint stress, rats were immobilized in separate compartments of the stress cage (Takagi et al, 1968) and kept at 4°C according to Brodie and Valitski (Brodie and Valitski, 1963) with minor modifications by Murakami et al (Murakami et al, 1981;Murakami et al, 1983). Animals were sacrificed by dislocation of cervical vertebrae after 2 h under stress condition, and their stomachs (n=4 in each group) were excised immediately.…”

Section: Animals and Cold-restraint Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesteryl Glucoside-induced Protection against Gastric Ulcer

Kunimoto

Murofushi

Yamatsu

et al. 2003

Cell Struct. Funct.

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ABSTRACT. The cytoprotective effect of heat shock proteins (HSPs) promises new therapeutic modalities for medical treatment. We examined the anti-ulcer effect of cholesteryl glucoside (1-O-cholesteryl-β-Dglucopyranoside, CG) on cold-restraint stress-induced gastric ulcer in rats, in terms of its correlative ability to activate heat shock factor (HSF) and to induce HSP70. Rapid induction of CG occurred in animal tissues, especially in stomach, after exposure to stress, indicating that this glycolipid might act as an anti-stress, lipid mediator involved in the very early stages of stress-induced signal transduction. Orally administered CG apparently showed anti-ulcer activity in rats via HSF activation and HSP70 induction. When compared with geranylgeranylacetone (GGA), the well known as an effective, synthetic anti-ulcer agent, CG proved to have the same level of strength on ulcer inhibition. GGA caused CG and HSP70 induction in gastric mucosa, indicating that GGA induced HSP70 via CG production. CG thus might be useful for medical treatment of stress-induced diseases, and as an anti-stress supplement for daily diet.

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Production of Gastric Hemorrhage in Rats by Multiple Stresses

Cited by 81 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of Adrenergic Blocking Agents on Gastric Secretion and Stress-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats

Effects of Adrenergic Blocking Agents on Gastric Secretion and Stress-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats

Effects of Biogenic Monoamines and Precursors on Stress Ulcers and Secretion in Stomach

Cholesteryl Glucoside-induced Protection against Gastric Ulcer

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