Production of FAMEs from several microalgal lipidic extracts and direct transesterification of the Chlorella pyrenoidosa

Abstract

In situ process Transesterification FAMEs Chlorella pyrenoidosa a b s t r a c tIn this study different methods were applied for lipids extraction from the dry biomass of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The survey was carried under different conditions seeking comparative assessment of extraction methods. The method using chloroform:methanol (2:1 v/v) showed the highest lipid extraction followed by methanol, chloroform, ethanol, and hexane.Afterward, we also assessed the relative influence of the solvent extractor selectivity on the overall FAMEs (Fatty Acids Methyl Esters) yield. The application of the transesterification process on the several lipidic extracts was compared with direct transesterification process from dry biomass. In the extraction using chloroform:methanol system a larger amount of lipids was obtained but the conversion to FAMEs using transesterification process was the lowest from lipids. However, despite the amount of extracted lipids with methanol being smaller, its conversion to FAMEs was higher from lipids. In addition, the extraction with methanol followed by transesterification process also resulted in a higher FAMEs yield from biomass than direct transesterification process using methanol.ª (M.G.M. D'Oca).A v a i l a b l e a t w w w . s c i e n c e d i r e c t . c o m h t t p : / / w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / b i o m b i o e b i o m a s s a n d b i o e n e r g y 3 5 ( 2 0 1 1 ) 1 5 3 3 e1 5 3 8 0961-9534/$ e see front matter ª

A review on the extraction of lipid from microalgae for biodiesel production

“…Guckert et al [38] used methylene chloride and methanol solvent systems for extracting lipids from Chlorella and recovered greater amounts of neutral lipid as a similar modified Bligh and Dyer's method, which used phosphate buffer in addition to the chloroform, methanol and water mixture. D'Oca et al [39] used different methods like Soxhlet extraction, magnetic stirring, and ultrasonic bath with five solvent systems such as mixtures of chloroform and methanol (2:1 v/v), methanol, chloroform, ethanol, and hexane for lipid extraction from the dry biomass of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. They reported that a mixture of chloroform/ methanol used as a solvent for extraction yields more lipids from microalgae than other solvents.…”

FATTY ACID ETHYL ESTERS FROM MICROALGAE OF Scenedesmus ecornis BY ENZYMATIC AND ACID CATALYSIS

“…Hydrolysis/esterification of the lipid fraction using an acidic catalyst was carried out according to the methodology proposed by D'Oca et al, 15 with modification. In the hydrolysis reaction, 1.0 g of dry biomass of S. ecornis was added to 50 mL of distilled water in an Erlenmeyer flask (250 mL).…”

“…12,14 The extraction method and polarity of the solvent have been found to influence the lipid composition of microalgae, thereby interfering with the quality of fuel. 15,16 D'Oca and colleagues 15 showed that a chloroform-methanol mixture (2:1 v/v) was best for lipid extraction from a dry biomass of Chlorella pyrenoidosa, followed by methanol, chloroform, ethanol, and hexane.…”

Biodiesel renovável derivado de microalgas: avanços e perspectivas tecnológicas

“…38 Variações de processos de extração de lipídios derivados de microalgas produtoras de óleo, como a Chlorella vulgaris e Chlorella pyrenoidosa, ainda estão sendo pesquisadas, a fim de se explorar a biodisponibilidade celular de lipídios. 39,40 A moagem e trituração têm sido uma alternativa, acompanhadas de sonicação, ação enzimática ou, ainda, micro-ondas, que são ferramentas potenciais, que podem otimizar metodologias para o aproveitamento da matéria-prima para posterior obtenção de biodiesel.…”